Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis epidemiology and demographics: Difference between revisions
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==Overview== | ==Overview== | ||
The incidence of acute disseminated encephalomyelitis reported to be 1 in 125,000-250,000 children aged 10 years or younger. The median age at onset is 3 to 7 yrs. It affects males and females in the ratio of 1.3 to 1. There is no racial predilection to the development of acute disseminated encephalomyelitis. | The incidence of [[Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis case study one|acute disseminated encephalomyelitis]] reported to be 1 in 125,000-250,000 children aged 10 years or younger. The median age at onset is 3 to 7 yrs. It affects males and females in the ratio of 1.3 to 1. There is no racial predilection to the development of [[Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis case study one|acute disseminated encephalomyelitis]]. | ||
== Epidemiology and Demographics == | ==Epidemiology and Demographics== | ||
===Incidence=== | ===Incidence=== | ||
*The [[Incidence (epidemiology)|incidence]] of [[ | *The [[Incidence (epidemiology)|incidence]] of [[Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis case study one|acute disseminated encephalomyelitis]] is about 1 in 125,000-250,000 people each year, in children younger than 10 years, despite the fact that it is a rare disorder.<ref name="pmid11376179">{{cite journal| author=Hynson JL, Kornberg AJ, Coleman LT, Shield L, Harvey AS, Kean MJ| title=Clinical and neuroradiologic features of acute disseminated encephalomyelitis in children. | journal=Neurology | year= 2001 | volume= 56 | issue= 10 | pages= 1308-12 | pmid=11376179 | doi=10.1212/wnl.56.10.1308 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=11376179 }}</ref><ref name="pmid12165620">{{cite journal| author=Murthy SN, Faden HS, Cohen ME, Bakshi R| title=Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis in children. | journal=Pediatrics | year= 2002 | volume= 110 | issue= 2 Pt 1 | pages= e21 | pmid=12165620 | doi=10.1542/peds.110.2.e21 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=12165620 }}</ref> | ||
*Each year, regional medical centers in the United States, the United Kingdom, and Australia see three to six instances.<ref name="pmid11099444">{{cite journal| author=Dale RC, de Sousa C, Chong WK, Cox TC, Harding B, Neville BG| title=Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis, multiphasic disseminated encephalomyelitis and multiple sclerosis in children. | journal=Brain | year= 2000 | volume= 123 Pt 12 | issue= | pages= 2407-22 | pmid=11099444 | doi=10.1093/brain/123.12.2407 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=11099444 }} </ref> | *Each year, regional medical centers in the United States, the United Kingdom, and Australia see three to six instances.<ref name="pmid11099444">{{cite journal| author=Dale RC, de Sousa C, Chong WK, Cox TC, Harding B, Neville BG| title=Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis, multiphasic disseminated encephalomyelitis and multiple sclerosis in children. | journal=Brain | year= 2000 | volume= 123 Pt 12 | issue= | pages= 2407-22 | pmid=11099444 | doi=10.1093/brain/123.12.2407 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=11099444 }} </ref> | ||
===Prevalence=== | ===Prevalence=== | ||
*The prevalance of [[ | *The prevalance of [[Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis case study one|acute disseminated encephalomyelitis]] rises as one moves further away from the Equator.<ref name="pmid27742816">{{cite journal| author=Yamaguchi Y, Torisu H, Kira R, Ishizaki Y, Sakai Y, Sanefuji M | display-authors=etal| title=A nationwide survey of pediatric acquired demyelinating syndromes in Japan. | journal=Neurology | year= 2016 | volume= 87 | issue= 19 | pages= 2006-2015 | pmid=27742816 | doi=10.1212/WNL.0000000000003318 | pmc=5109945 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=27742816 }}</ref><ref name="pmid25761377">{{cite journal| author=Koelman DL, Mateen FJ| title=Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis: current controversies in diagnosis and outcome. | journal=J Neurol | year= 2015 | volume= 262 | issue= 9 | pages= 2013-24 | pmid=25761377 | doi=10.1007/s00415-015-7694-7 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=25761377 }} Majority are categorized as post-[[infectious]] [[central nervous system]] illness ([[viral]] or [[Bacterial|bacteria]]<nowiki/>l) being recorded in up to 50–75 percent of patients and the minority being after [[vaccination]].<nowiki><ref name="pmid26620160"></nowiki>{{cite journal| author=Berzero G, Cortese A, Ravaglia S, Marchioni E| title=Diagnosis and therapy of acute disseminated encephalomyelitis and its variants. | journal=Expert Rev Neurother | year= 2016 | volume= 16 | issue= 1 | pages= 83-101 | pmid=26620160 | doi=10.1586/14737175.2015.1126510 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=26620160 }} </ref> | ||
===Case-fatality rate/Mortality rate=== | ===Case-fatality rate/Mortality rate=== | ||
*Although [[Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis | *Although [[Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis case study one|acute disseminated encephalomyelitis]] is potentially [[lethal]], the [[mortality rate]] is none to low, but few studies found that [[Mortality rate|mortality]] was around 3%.<ref name="pmid22516794">{{cite journal| author=Absoud M, Lim MJ, Chong WK, De Goede CG, Foster K, Gunny R | display-authors=etal| title=Paediatric acquired demyelinating syndromes: incidence, clinical and magnetic resonance imaging features. | journal=Mult Scler | year= 2013 | volume= 19 | issue= 1 | pages= 76-86 | pmid=22516794 | doi=10.1177/1352458512445944 | pmc=3409874 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=22516794 }}</ref><ref name="pmid29141794">{{cite journal| author=Iype M, Kunju PAM, Saradakutty G, Anish TS, Sreedharan M, Ahamed SM| title=Short term outcome of ADEM: Results from a retrospective cohort study from South India. | journal=Mult Scler Relat Disord | year= 2017 | volume= 18 | issue= | pages= 128-134 | pmid=29141794 | doi=10.1016/j.msard.2017.09.018 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=29141794 }}</ref><ref name="pmid28768844">{{cite journal| author=Hennes EM, Baumann M, Schanda K, Anlar B, Bajer-Kornek B, Blaschek A | display-authors=etal| title=Prognostic relevance of MOG antibodies in children with an acquired demyelinating syndrome. | journal=Neurology | year= 2017 | volume= 89 | issue= 9 | pages= 900-908 | pmid=28768844 | doi=10.1212/WNL.0000000000004312 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=28768844 }}</ref><ref name="pmid20876155">{{cite journal| author=Absoud M, Parslow RC, Wassmer E, Hemingway C, Duncan HP, Cummins C | display-authors=etal| title=Severe acute disseminated encephalomyelitis: a paediatric intensive care population-based study. | journal=Mult Scler | year= 2011 | volume= 17 | issue= 10 | pages= 1258-61 | pmid=20876155 | doi=10.1177/1352458510382554 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=20876155 }}</ref> | ||
===Age=== | ===Age=== | ||
| Line 29: | Line 29: | ||
===Gender=== | ===Gender=== | ||
*[[Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis | *[[Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis case study one|Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis]] affects males more likely than females (male to female ratio of 1.3:1), and it happens more frequently in the winter and spring. | ||
===Race=== | ===Race=== | ||
*There is no [[racial]] predilection to the development of [[ | *There is no [[racial]] predilection to the development of [[Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis case study one|acute disseminated encephalomyelitis]] and affects people all over the world.<ref name="pmid25265138">{{cite journal| author=Pellegrino P, Radice S, Clementi E| title=Geoepidemiology of acute disseminated encephalomyelitis. | journal=Epidemiology | year= 2014 | volume= 25 | issue= 6 | pages= 928-9 | pmid=25265138 | doi=10.1097/EDE.0000000000000176 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=25265138 }}</ref> | ||
===Region=== | ===Region=== | ||
Revision as of 21:24, 15 December 2021
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Shameera Shaik Masthan MBBS, DLO, DNB[2]
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Overview
The incidence of acute disseminated encephalomyelitis reported to be 1 in 125,000-250,000 children aged 10 years or younger. The median age at onset is 3 to 7 yrs. It affects males and females in the ratio of 1.3 to 1. There is no racial predilection to the development of acute disseminated encephalomyelitis.
Epidemiology and Demographics
Incidence
- The incidence of acute disseminated encephalomyelitis is about 1 in 125,000-250,000 people each year, in children younger than 10 years, despite the fact that it is a rare disorder.[1][2]
- Each year, regional medical centers in the United States, the United Kingdom, and Australia see three to six instances.[3]
Prevalence
- The prevalance of acute disseminated encephalomyelitis rises as one moves further away from the Equator.[4][5]
Case-fatality rate/Mortality rate
- Although acute disseminated encephalomyelitis is potentially lethal, the mortality rate is none to low, but few studies found that mortality was around 3%.[6][7][8][9]
Age
- The usual age of onset is 3 to 7 years, few cases been reported between 10 and twenty.
Gender
- Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis affects males more likely than females (male to female ratio of 1.3:1), and it happens more frequently in the winter and spring.
Race
- There is no racial predilection to the development of acute disseminated encephalomyelitis and affects people all over the world.[10]
Region
- It affects people all over the world, comparable to the geographic distribution of multiple sclerosis.
References
- ↑ Hynson JL, Kornberg AJ, Coleman LT, Shield L, Harvey AS, Kean MJ (2001). "Clinical and neuroradiologic features of acute disseminated encephalomyelitis in children". Neurology. 56 (10): 1308–12. doi:10.1212/wnl.56.10.1308. PMID 11376179.
- ↑ Murthy SN, Faden HS, Cohen ME, Bakshi R (2002). "Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis in children". Pediatrics. 110 (2 Pt 1): e21. doi:10.1542/peds.110.2.e21. PMID 12165620.
- ↑ Dale RC, de Sousa C, Chong WK, Cox TC, Harding B, Neville BG (2000). "Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis, multiphasic disseminated encephalomyelitis and multiple sclerosis in children". Brain. 123 Pt 12: 2407–22. doi:10.1093/brain/123.12.2407. PMID 11099444.
- ↑ Yamaguchi Y, Torisu H, Kira R, Ishizaki Y, Sakai Y, Sanefuji M; et al. (2016). "A nationwide survey of pediatric acquired demyelinating syndromes in Japan". Neurology. 87 (19): 2006–2015. doi:10.1212/WNL.0000000000003318. PMC 5109945. PMID 27742816.
- ↑ Koelman DL, Mateen FJ (2015). "Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis: current controversies in diagnosis and outcome". J Neurol. 262 (9): 2013–24. doi:10.1007/s00415-015-7694-7. PMID 25761377. Majority are categorized as post-infectious central nervous system illness (viral or bacterial) being recorded in up to 50–75 percent of patients and the minority being after vaccination.<ref name="pmid26620160">Berzero G, Cortese A, Ravaglia S, Marchioni E (2016). "Diagnosis and therapy of acute disseminated encephalomyelitis and its variants". Expert Rev Neurother. 16 (1): 83–101. doi:10.1586/14737175.2015.1126510. PMID 26620160.
- ↑ Absoud M, Lim MJ, Chong WK, De Goede CG, Foster K, Gunny R; et al. (2013). "Paediatric acquired demyelinating syndromes: incidence, clinical and magnetic resonance imaging features". Mult Scler. 19 (1): 76–86. doi:10.1177/1352458512445944. PMC 3409874. PMID 22516794.
- ↑ Iype M, Kunju PAM, Saradakutty G, Anish TS, Sreedharan M, Ahamed SM (2017). "Short term outcome of ADEM: Results from a retrospective cohort study from South India". Mult Scler Relat Disord. 18: 128–134. doi:10.1016/j.msard.2017.09.018. PMID 29141794.
- ↑ Hennes EM, Baumann M, Schanda K, Anlar B, Bajer-Kornek B, Blaschek A; et al. (2017). "Prognostic relevance of MOG antibodies in children with an acquired demyelinating syndrome". Neurology. 89 (9): 900–908. doi:10.1212/WNL.0000000000004312. PMID 28768844.
- ↑ Absoud M, Parslow RC, Wassmer E, Hemingway C, Duncan HP, Cummins C; et al. (2011). "Severe acute disseminated encephalomyelitis: a paediatric intensive care population-based study". Mult Scler. 17 (10): 1258–61. doi:10.1177/1352458510382554. PMID 20876155.
- ↑ Pellegrino P, Radice S, Clementi E (2014). "Geoepidemiology of acute disseminated encephalomyelitis". Epidemiology. 25 (6): 928–9. doi:10.1097/EDE.0000000000000176. PMID 25265138.