Tricuspid stenosis causes

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]

Overview

The most common cause of tricuspid stenosis is rheumatic heart disease. Other causes of tricuspid stenosis include carcinois syndrome, congenital abnormalities, endocarditis, lupus, and mechanical obstruction by a tumor.

Causes of Tricuspid Stenosis

There are at least 4 conditions that are typically attributed with the obstruction of the nativetricuspid valve.

1. Rheumatic tricuspid stenosis:
   • Diffuse thickening of the leaflets occur. Fusion of the commissures may or may not occur.
   • Chordae tendineae may become thickened and shortened
   • As a result of the dense collagen and elastic fibers that make up leaflet tissue, the normal leaflet layers become significantly distorted
2. Carcinoid heart disease:
   • Fibrous white plaques located on the valvular and mural endocardium are characteristic presentations of carcinoid valve lesions
   • Valve leaflets become thick, rigid and smaller in area
   • Atrial and ventricular surfaces of the valve structure contain fibrous tissue proliferation
3. Congenital tricuspid stenosis:
   • More common in infants
   • Lesions may present in a number of different ways, either singularly or in any combination of the following:
     • Incompletely developed leaflets
     • Shortened or malformed chordae
     • Small annuli
     • Papillary muscles of abnormal size and number
4. Infective endocarditis:
   • Stenosis may develop as a result of large infected vegetation obstructing the opening of the tricuspid valve
   • This condition is uncommon

• Unusual and rare causes:
  • Fabry disease
  • Giant blood cysts

• Other conditions may mimic tricuspid stenosis, obstructing flow through the valve:
  • Supravalvular obstruction from congenital diaphragms
  • Intracardiac or extracardiac tumors
  • Thrombosis or emboli
  • Large endocarditis vegetations
  • Other conditions that impair right-sided filling
    • Constrictive pericarditis
    • Restrictive Cardiomyopathy