Patent ductus arteriosus epidemiology and demographics

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor-In-Chief: Priyamvada Singh, M.B.B.S. [2], Cafer Zorkun, M.D., Ph.D. [3], Assistant Editor-In-Chief: Kristin Feeney, B.S. [4]

Overview

The PDA is commonly found in infants and constitutes only 2% of all congenital defects found in adults.

Epidemiology and Demographics

• The PDA is commonly found in infants and constitutes only 2% of all congenital defects found in adults.
• It is an isolated defect in 75% of cases, and is isolated in almost all adult cases.
• In the United States, the estimated incidence in children born at term is between 0.02% and 0.06% of live births.
• The incidence of patent ductus arteriosus has increased over the past few decades. This is in part due to increased survival in the premature infants.
• The incidence is greater in children who are born-
  • Prematurely, with a history of perinatal asphyxia. Perinatal asphyxia delays the closure of the ductus. Approximately, 20% of neonates with respiratory distress syndrome have a patent ductus arteriosus. In babies who are less than 1500 g at birth, many studies show the incidence of a PDA to exceed 30%. The increased patency in these groups is thought to be due to both hypoxia in babies with respiratory distress and immature ductal closure mechanisms in premature babies.
  • Increased incidences in infants with congenital rubella.
  • Children born at high altitude.
  • The female-to-male ratio is 2:1

External links

• High-Risk Newborn - Patent Ductus Arteriosus (PDA)
• Patent Ductus Arteriosus from Merck
• Fetal Circulation at berkeley.edu
• Goldminer: Patent ductus arteriosus