Atrial fibrillation causes: Difference between revisions

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Revision as of 04:55, 16 October 2011

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]

Overview

The most common cause of atrial fibrillation is atrial dilation associated with hypertension. Approximately 1/3 of patients have familial atrial fibrillation which is due to an underlying genetic disorder. Given the number of patients who undergo coronary artery bypass grafting in the developed world, this is an increasing underlying cause of atrial fibrillation. Other general causes include the advancing age of the population this hemodynamic stress of heart failure and valvular heart disease, myocardial ischemia, a variety of inflammatory disorders, pulmonary diseases, alcohol and drug abuse, and endocrine disorders.

Differential Diagnosis of the Underlying Causes of Atrial Fibrillation

(By organ system)

Cardiovascular	Atrial ischemia or atrial infarction, Atrial myxoma, Atrial septal defect, Cardiac tumors, Cardiomyopathy, Channelopaties particularly abnormalities in the sodium channels, Collagen vascular disease, Congestive heart failure, Constrictive pericarditis, Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Surgery, Coronary Artery Disease, Dilated cardiomyopathy, Endocarditis, Familial atrial fibrillation type 1, Familial atrial fibrillation type 3, HOCM, Hypertension, Left ventricular hypertrophy, Lutembacher syndrome, Mitral regurgitation, Mitral stenosis, Myocardial infarction, Myocarditis, Pericarditis, Rheumatic fever, ST elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI), Tricuspid regurgitation, Tricuspid stenosis, Unstable angina, Valvular heart disease
Chemical / poisoning	Alcohol, Alcohol withdrawal, Breath spray which contains alcohol ^[1], Caffeine,
Dermatologic	No underlying causes
Drug Side Effect	Alcohol, Alcohol withdrawal, Cocaine, Conivaptan, Methamphetamines, Porfimer, Tea
Ear Nose Throat	No underlying causes
Endocrine	Hyperthyroidism, Hypothyroidism, Pheochromocytoma
Environmental	Hypothermia
Gastroenterologic	Esophageal surgery
Genetic	Atherosclerosis, Channelopaties particularly abnormalities in the sodium channels, Collagen vascular disease, Coronary Artery Disease, Familial atrial fibrillation type 1, Familial atrial fibrillation type 3, HOCM, Hypertension, Myocarditis, Obesity
Hematologic	Pulmonary embolism, Subarachnoid hemorrhage
Iatrogenic	Esophageal surgery, Hypothyroidism
Infectious Disease	Endocarditis, Myocarditis, Pericarditis, Pneumonia, Rheumatic fever
Musculoskeletal / Ortho	Collagen vascular disease, Stroke
Neurologic	Stroke, Subarachnoid hemorrhage
Nutritional / Metabolic	Atherosclerosis, Diabetes, Hypothyroidism, Obesity
Obstetric/Gynecologic	No underlying causes
Oncologic	Atrial myxoma, Bronchogenic carcinoma, Cardiac tumors, Lung cancer, Pheochromocytoma, Porfimer
Opthalmologic	No underlying causes
Overdose / Toxicity	Alcohol, Alcohol withdrawal, Breath spray which contains alcohol ^[1], Caffeine, Cocaine, Tea
Psychiatric	No underlying causes
Pulmonary	Bronchogenic carcinoma, Hypoxia, Lung cancer, Pneumonia, Porfimer, Pulmonary embolism, Pulmonary hypertension, Sarcoidosis
Renal / Electrolyte	Channelopaties particularly abnormalities in the sodium channels, Hypertension
Rheum / Immune / Allergy	Collagen vascular disease, Interleukin 11, Myocarditis, Pericarditis, Rheumatic fever, Sarcoidosis
Sexual	No underlying causes
Trauma	Subarachnoid hemorrhage
Urologic	No underlying causes
Miscellaneous	Channelopaties particularly abnormalities in the sodium channels, Hypoxia, Interleukin 11

Complete List of Underlying Causes of Atrial Fibrillation

(in alphabetical order)

Age increase. 4% of those over 60 years and 8% of those over 80 years of age have atrial fibrillation.
Alcohol and alcohol withdrawal
Atherosclerosis
Atrial ischemia or atrial infarction
Atrial myxoma
Atrial septal defect
Breath spray which contains alcohol ^[1]
Bronchogenic carcinoma
Caffeine
Cardiac tumors
Cardiomyopathy
Channelopaties particularly abnormalities in the sodium channels
Cocaine
Coffee
Collagen vascular disease
Congestive heart failure
Constrictive pericarditis
Conivaptan
Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Surgery
Coronary Artery Disease
Diabetes
Dilated cardiomyopathy
Endocarditis
Esophageal surgery
Ethanol
Familial atrial fibrillation type 1
Familial atrial fibrillation type 3
Genetics
HOCM
Hypertension
Hyperthyroidism
Hypothermia
Hypothyroidism
Hypoxia
Interleukin 11
Left ventricular hypertrophy
Lung cancer
Lutembacher syndrome
Methamphetamines
Mitral regurgitation
Mitral stenosis
Myocardial infarction
Myocarditis
Obesity
Pericarditis and pericardial disease in general
Pheochromocytoma
Pneumonia
Porfimer
Pulmonary embolism
Pulmonary hypertension
Rheumatic fever
Sarcoidosis
ST elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI)
Stimulants
Stroke
Subarachnoid hemorrhage
Tea
Tricuspid regurgitation
Tricuspid stenosis
unstable angina
Valvular heart disease

Loan Atrial Fibrillation

In about 10% of patients no underlying cause is identified. This condition is called lone atrial fibrillation.

References

↑ ^1.0 ^1.1 ^1.2 Ridker PM, Gibson CM, Lopez R (1989). "Atrial fibrillation induced by breath spray". N Engl J Med. 320 (2): 124. PMID 2914028.

Template:WH Template:WS

[pmid2914028-1] 1.0 ^1.1 ^1.2 Ridker PM, Gibson CM, Lopez R (1989). "Atrial fibrillation induced by breath spray". N Engl J Med. 320 (2): 124. PMID 2914028.

[1]

@@ Line 9: / Line 9: @@
 {|style="width:70%; height:100px" border="1"
 |style="height:100px"; style="width:25%" border="1" bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" | '''Cardiovascular'''
-|style="height:100px"; style="width:75%" border="1" bgcolor="Beige" | Atrial ischemia or [[atrial infarction]], [[Atrial myxoma]], [[Atrial septal defect]], [[Cardiac tumors]], [[Cardiomyopathy]], [[Channelopaties]] particularly abnormalities in the sodium channels, [[Collagen vascular disease]], [[Congestive heart failure]], [[Constrictive pericarditis]], [[Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Surgery]], [[Coronary Artery Disease]], [[Dilated cardiomyopathy]], [[Endocarditis]], [[Familial atrial fibrillation type 1]], [[Familial atrial fibrillation type 3]], [[HOCM]], [[Hypertension]], [[Left ventricular hypertrophy]], [[Lutembacher syndrome]], [[Mitral regurgitation]], [[Mitral stenosis]], [[Myocardial infarction]], [[Myocarditis]], [[Pericarditis]]
+|style="height:100px"; style="width:75%" border="1" bgcolor="Beige" | Atrial ischemia or [[atrial infarction]], [[Atrial myxoma]], [[Atrial septal defect]], [[Cardiac tumors]], [[Cardiomyopathy]], [[Channelopaties]] particularly abnormalities in the sodium channels, [[Collagen vascular disease]], [[Congestive heart failure]], [[Constrictive pericarditis]], [[Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Surgery]], [[Coronary Artery Disease]], [[Dilated cardiomyopathy]], [[Endocarditis]], [[Familial atrial fibrillation type 1]], [[Familial atrial fibrillation type 3]], [[HOCM]], [[Hypertension]], [[Left ventricular hypertrophy]], [[Lutembacher syndrome]], [[Mitral regurgitation]], [[Mitral stenosis]], [[Myocardial infarction]], [[Myocarditis]], [[Pericarditis]], [[Rheumatic fever]], [[ST elevation myocardial infarction]] ([[STEMI]]), [[Tricuspid regurgitation]], [[Tricuspid stenosis]], [[Unstable angina]], [[Valvular heart disease]]
 |-
 |-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
@@ Line 21: / Line 21: @@
 |-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
 | '''Drug Side Effect'''
-|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Alcohol]], [[Alcohol withdrawal]], [[Cocaine]], [[Conivaptan]], Methamphetamines, [[Porfimer]]
+|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Alcohol]], [[Alcohol withdrawal]], [[Cocaine]], [[Conivaptan]], Methamphetamines, [[Porfimer]], Tea
 |-
 |-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
@@ Line 37: / Line 37: @@
 |-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
 | '''Gastroenterologic'''
-|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
+|bgcolor="Beige"| Esophageal surgery
 |-
 |-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
@@ Line 45: / Line 45: @@
 |-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
 | '''Hematologic'''
-|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
+|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Pulmonary embolism]], [[Subarachnoid hemorrhage]]
 |-
 |-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
@@ Line 53: / Line 53: @@
 |-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
 | '''Infectious Disease'''
-|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Endocarditis]], [[Myocarditis]], [[Pericarditis]], [[Pneumonia]]
+|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Endocarditis]], [[Myocarditis]], [[Pericarditis]], [[Pneumonia]], [[Rheumatic fever]]
 |-
 |-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
 | '''Musculoskeletal / Ortho'''
-|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Collagen vascular disease]]
+|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Collagen vascular disease]], [[Stroke]]
 |-
 |-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
 | '''Neurologic'''
-|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
+|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Stroke]], [[Subarachnoid hemorrhage]]
 |-
 |-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
@@ Line 81: / Line 81: @@
 |-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
 | '''Overdose / Toxicity'''
-|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Alcohol]], [[Alcohol withdrawal]], Breath spray which contains alcohol <ref name="pmid2914028">{{cite journal| author=Ridker PM, Gibson CM, Lopez R| title=Atrial fibrillation induced by breath spray. | journal=N Engl J Med | year= 1989 | volume= 320 | issue= 2 | pages= 124 | pmid=2914028 | doi= | pmc= | url= }} </ref>, [[Caffeine]], [[Cocaine]]
+|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Alcohol]], [[Alcohol withdrawal]], Breath spray which contains alcohol <ref name="pmid2914028">{{cite journal| author=Ridker PM, Gibson CM, Lopez R| title=Atrial fibrillation induced by breath spray. | journal=N Engl J Med | year= 1989 | volume= 320 | issue= 2 | pages= 124 | pmid=2914028 | doi= | pmc= | url= }} </ref>, [[Caffeine]], [[Cocaine]], Tea
 |-
 |-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
@@ Line 89: / Line 89: @@
 |-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
 | '''Pulmonary'''
-|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Bronchogenic carcinoma]], [[Hypoxia]], [[Lung cancer]], [[Pneumonia]], [[Porfimer]], [[Pulmonary embolism]]
+|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Bronchogenic carcinoma]], [[Hypoxia]], [[Lung cancer]], [[Pneumonia]], [[Porfimer]], [[Pulmonary embolism]], [[Pulmonary hypertension]], [[Sarcoidosis]]
 |-
 |-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
@@ Line 97: / Line 97: @@
 |-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
 | '''Rheum / Immune / Allergy'''
-|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Collagen vascular disease]], [[Interleukin 11]], [[Myocarditis]], [[Pericarditis]]
+|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Collagen vascular disease]], [[Interleukin 11]], [[Myocarditis]], [[Pericarditis]], [[Rheumatic fever]], [[Sarcoidosis]]
 |-
 |-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
@@ Line 105: / Line 105: @@
 |-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
 | '''Trauma'''
-|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
+|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Subarachnoid hemorrhage]]
 |-
 |-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"