Mumps overview: Difference between revisions
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{{Mumps}} | {{Mumps}} | ||
{{CMG}} | {{CMG}}; {{AOEIC}} {{LG}} | ||
==Overview== | ==Overview== | ||
Mumps | Mumps is a highly contagious viral disease that leads to [[Salivary gland enlargement|painful swelling of the salivary glands]] and is caused by the mumps virus. Mumps is spread through direct contact with an infected person. Symptoms include [[fever]], [[Salivary gland enlargement|glandular swelling]], [[headache]], [[sore throat]], and [[orchitis]]. Mumps is a self-limiting disease, and the prognosis is generally good, even if other organs are involved. | ||
==Pathophysiology== | |||
Mumps is spread through direct contact with an infected person. | |||
==Epidemiology== | |||
====Developed countries:==== | |||
Before the routine vaccination program was introduced in the United States, mumps was a common illness in infants, children and young adults. Because most people have now been vaccinated, mumps has become a rare disease in the United States. | |||
====Developing countries:==== | |||
Mumps still remains a significant threat to health among pediatric population in the developing countries.<ref name=Harrison>{{cite book | author = Kasper DL, Braunwald E, Fauci AS, Hauser SL, Longo DL, Jameson JL, Isselbacher KJ, Eds. | title = Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine | edition = 16th | publisher = McGraw-Hill Professional | year = 2004 | id = ISBN 0-07-140235-7 }}</ref> | |||
==Risk factors== | |||
Anyone who is not immune from either previous mumps infection or from vaccination can get mumps. | |||
==Diagnosis== | |||
====Symptoms==== | |||
Mumps typically starts with a few days of [[fever]], [[headache]], [[Myalgia|muscle aches]], [[fatigue|tiredness]], and [[loss of appetite]], and is followed by [[Salivary gland enlargement|swelling of salivary glands]] (classically the [[parotid gland]]).<ref name=Barron>{{cite book | author = Enders G | title = Paramyxoviruses–Mumps virus. ''In:'' Barron's Medical Microbiology (Barron S ''et al'', eds.)| edition = 4th ed. | publisher = Univ of Texas Medical Branch | year = 1996 | id = [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/bv.fcgi?rid=mmed.section.3150 (via NCBI Bookshelf)] ISBN 0-9631172-1-1 }}</ref> | |||
Painful [[testicle|testicular swelling]] and [[rash]] may also occur. | |||
==Treatment== | |||
Currently, there is no specific treatment for mumps. In addition, the disease itself is generally self-limiting, and runs its course before waning. Supportive care with [[analgesics]] may provide symptomatic benefit. | |||
==Prognosis and Complications== | |||
While symptoms are generally not severe in children, the symptoms in teenagers and adults can be more severe and complications such as [[infertility]] or [[subfertility]] are relatively common, although still rare in absolute terms.<ref>{{cite journal | author=Preveden T, Jovanovic J, Ristic D | title=[Fertility in men after mumps infection without manifestations of orchitis] | journal=Med Pregl | year=1996 | pages=99-102 | volume=49 | issue=3-4 | id={{PMID|8692089}} }}</ref><sup> </sup><ref>{{cite journal | author=Shakhov EV, Krupin VN | title=[The clinico-statistical characteristics of the testicular generative function in male subfertility following mumps] | journal=Urol Nefrol (Mosk) | year=1990 | pages=46-50 | volume= | issue=2 | id={{PMID|2368216}} }}</ref><sup> </sup><ref>{{cite journal | author=Tsvetkov D | title=[Spermatological disorders in patients with postmumps orchitis] | journal=Akush Ginekol (Sofiia) | year=1990 | pages=46-9 | volume=29 | issue=6 | id={{PMID|2100952}} }}</ref> | |||
==References== | ==References== | ||
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[[Category:Disease]] | [[Category:Disease]] | ||
[[Category:Infectious disease]] | |||
[[Category:Pediatrics]] | [[Category:Pediatrics]] | ||
[[Category:Dermatology]] | [[Category:Dermatology]] | ||
Revision as of 16:20, 7 March 2012
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-In-Chief: Lakshmi Gopalakrishnan, M.B.B.S. [2]
Overview
Mumps is a highly contagious viral disease that leads to painful swelling of the salivary glands and is caused by the mumps virus. Mumps is spread through direct contact with an infected person. Symptoms include fever, glandular swelling, headache, sore throat, and orchitis. Mumps is a self-limiting disease, and the prognosis is generally good, even if other organs are involved.
Pathophysiology
Mumps is spread through direct contact with an infected person.
Epidemiology
Developed countries:
Before the routine vaccination program was introduced in the United States, mumps was a common illness in infants, children and young adults. Because most people have now been vaccinated, mumps has become a rare disease in the United States.
Developing countries:
Mumps still remains a significant threat to health among pediatric population in the developing countries.[1]
Risk factors
Anyone who is not immune from either previous mumps infection or from vaccination can get mumps.
Diagnosis
Symptoms
Mumps typically starts with a few days of fever, headache, muscle aches, tiredness, and loss of appetite, and is followed by swelling of salivary glands (classically the parotid gland).[2]
Painful testicular swelling and rash may also occur.
Treatment
Currently, there is no specific treatment for mumps. In addition, the disease itself is generally self-limiting, and runs its course before waning. Supportive care with analgesics may provide symptomatic benefit.
Prognosis and Complications
While symptoms are generally not severe in children, the symptoms in teenagers and adults can be more severe and complications such as infertility or subfertility are relatively common, although still rare in absolute terms.[3] [4] [5]
References
- ↑ Kasper DL, Braunwald E, Fauci AS, Hauser SL, Longo DL, Jameson JL, Isselbacher KJ, Eds. (2004). Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine (16th ed.). McGraw-Hill Professional. ISBN 0-07-140235-7.
- ↑ Enders G (1996). Paramyxoviruses–Mumps virus. In: Barron's Medical Microbiology (Barron S et al, eds.) (4th ed. ed.). Univ of Texas Medical Branch. (via NCBI Bookshelf) ISBN 0-9631172-1-1.
- ↑ Preveden T, Jovanovic J, Ristic D (1996). "[Fertility in men after mumps infection without manifestations of orchitis]". Med Pregl. 49 (3–4): 99–102. PMID 8692089.
- ↑ Shakhov EV, Krupin VN (1990). "[The clinico-statistical characteristics of the testicular generative function in male subfertility following mumps]". Urol Nefrol (Mosk) (2): 46–50. PMID 2368216.
- ↑ Tsvetkov D (1990). "[Spermatological disorders in patients with postmumps orchitis]". Akush Ginekol (Sofiia). 29 (6): 46–9. PMID 2100952.