Papilledema pathophysiology: Difference between revisions
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{{Papilledema}} | |||
{{CMG}} Kalsang Dolma | |||
==Overview== | |||
==Pathophysiology== | |||
As the [[optic nerve]] sheath is continuous with the [[subarachnoid space]] of the [[brain]] (and is regarded as an extension of the [[central nervous system]]), increased pressure is transmitted through to the optic nerve. The brain itself is relatively spared from pathological consequences of high pressure. | As the [[optic nerve]] sheath is continuous with the [[subarachnoid space]] of the [[brain]] (and is regarded as an extension of the [[central nervous system]]), increased pressure is transmitted through to the optic nerve. The brain itself is relatively spared from pathological consequences of high pressure. | ||
Revision as of 16:53, 16 July 2012
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Kalsang Dolma
Overview
Pathophysiology
As the optic nerve sheath is continuous with the subarachnoid space of the brain (and is regarded as an extension of the central nervous system), increased pressure is transmitted through to the optic nerve. The brain itself is relatively spared from pathological consequences of high pressure.
However, the anterior end of the optic nerve stops abruptly at the eye. Hence the pressure is asymmetrical and this causes a pinching and protrusion of the optic nerve at its head.
The fibers of the retinal ganglion cells of the optic disc become engorged and bulge anteriorly. Persistent and extensive optic nerve head swelling, or optic disc edema, can lead to loss of these fibers and permanent visual impairment.