Radiation proctitis: Difference between revisions

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Revision as of 20:02, 11 September 2012

For patient information, click here

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]

Synonyms and keywords: Radiation colitis

Symptoms such as diarrhea and painful defectation may be treated with oral opioids and stool softeners, respectively.
Several other methods are under development as of 2005 to lessen the effects of radiation proctitis. These include sucralfate, hyperbaric oxygen therapy, corticosteroids, metronidazole, and argon plasma coagulation.

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 {{SK}} Radiation colitis
-==Diagnosis==
-===Symptoms===
-====Acute radiation proctitis====
-Symptoms occur in the first few weeks after therapy. These symptoms include [[diarrhea]] and the urgent need to [[Defecation|defecate]], often with inability to do so ([[tenesmus]]). Acute radiation proctitis usually resolves without treatment after several months, but symptoms may improve with [[butyric acid|butyrate]] [[enema]]s. This acute phase is due to direct damage of the lining ([[epithelium]]) of the colon. <ref>Babb RR. ''Radiation proctitis: a review.'' Am J Gastroenterol. 1996 Jul;91(7):1309-11. Review. PMID 8677984</ref>
-====Chronic radiation proctitis====
-[[Image:Radiation proctitis APC.jpg|center|thumb|200px|[[Colonoscopy|Endoscopic]] image of radiation proctitis before and after therapy with [[argon plasma coagulation]].]]
-Symptoms may begin as early as several months after therapy but occasionally not until several years later. These symptoms include diarrhea, [[Hematochezia|rectal bleeding]], painful defecation, and intestinal blockage. Intestinal blockage is a result of [[Stenosis|narrowing]] of the rectum which blocks the flow of [[feces]]. Connections [[fistulae]] may also develop between the colon and other parts of the body such as the [[skin]] or [[urinary system]].
 ==Treatment==
 * Symptoms such as diarrhea and painful defectation may be treated with oral [[opioids]] and stool softeners, respectively.