Membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis causes

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]Ali Poyan Mehr, M.D. [2] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Olufunmilola Olubukola M.D.[3]

Causes

Conditions associated with a membranoproliferative pattern of injury are listed as follows:

• Immune complex–mediated disease

• Idiopathic forms of MPGN or of unknown association

  • MPGN type I
  • MPGN type II or dense deposit disease and PLD
  • MPGN type III

• Autoimmune diseases

  • Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)
  • Sjögren syndrome
  • Rheumatoid arthritis
  • Inherited complement deficiencies, in particular, C2 deficiency
  • Scleroderma
  • Celiac disease

• Chronic infections

  • Viral - Hepatitis B, hepatitis C, and cryoglobulinemia type II
  • Bacterial - Endocarditis, infected ventriculoatrial (or jugular) shunt, multiple visceral abscesses, leprosy
  • Protozoal - Malaria, schistosomiasis
  • Other infections - Mycoplasma

• Miscellaneous - Chronic liver disease (cirrhosis and alpha1-antitrypsin deficiency)

• Chronic and recovered thrombotic microangiopathies

• Healing phase of hemolytic uremic syndrome and/or thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura
• Syndromes of circulating antiphospholipid (anticardiolipin) antibodies
• Radiation nephritis
• Nephropathy associated with bone marrow transplantation
• Sickle cell anemia and polycythemia
• Transplant glomerulopathy

• Paraprotein deposition diseases

• Glomerulonephropathies associated with cryoglobulinemia type I
• Waldenström macroglobulinemia
• Immunotactoid glomerulopathy
• Immunoglobulin light chain or heavy chain deposition diseases
• Fibrillary glomerulonephritis

• Malignant neoplasms

• Lymphoma
• Leukemia
• Carcinoma