Mumps natural history, complications and prognosis: Difference between revisions
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:*[[Encephalitis]] (very rare, rarely fatal) | :*[[Encephalitis]] (very rare, rarely fatal) | ||
:*[[ | :*Mumps viral infections in adolescent and adult males carry an up to 30% risk that the testes may become infected ([[orchitis]] or [[epididymitis]]), which can be quite painful; about half of these infections result in [[testicular atrophy]], and in rare cases sterility can follow. | ||
:*Spontaneous abortion in about 27% of cases during the first trimester of pregnancy. | |||
:*[[Pancreatitis]] in about 4% of cases, manifesting as abdominal pain and [[vomiting]] | |||
:*[[Oophoritis]] and/or [[mastitis]] in females who have reached puberty | :*[[Oophoritis]] and/or [[mastitis]] in females who have reached puberty | ||
==Prognosis== | ==Prognosis== | ||
The disease is self-limiting, and the prognosis is generally good, even if other organs are involved. After the illness, life-long [[immunity (medical)|immunity]] to mumps generally occurs. Sterility in men secondary to [[testicle|testicular]] involvement and death are very rare occurrences. | The disease is self-limiting, and the prognosis is generally good, even if other organs are involved. After the illness, life-long [[immunity (medical)|immunity]] to mumps generally occurs. Sterility in men secondary to [[testicle|testicular]] involvement and death are very rare occurrences. | ||
Revision as of 14:55, 27 November 2012
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-In-Chief: Lakshmi Gopalakrishnan, M.B.B.S. [2]
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Overview
Majority of the patients infected with mumps usually recover completely. However, mumps can occasionally cause complications, and some of them can be serious. Complications may occur even if the patient does not have swollen salivary glands (parotitis) and are more common in people who have reached puberty.
Natural History
Complications
- Complications may occur even if the patient does not have swollen salivary glands (parotitis) and are more common in people who have reached puberty.
- Rare complications of mumps include:
- Profound (91 dB or more) but rare sensorineural hearing loss which may be either unilateral or bilateral
- Mild forms of meningitis (~40% of cases occur without parotid swelling)
- Encephalitis (very rare, rarely fatal)
- Mumps viral infections in adolescent and adult males carry an up to 30% risk that the testes may become infected (orchitis or epididymitis), which can be quite painful; about half of these infections result in testicular atrophy, and in rare cases sterility can follow.
- Spontaneous abortion in about 27% of cases during the first trimester of pregnancy.
- Pancreatitis in about 4% of cases, manifesting as abdominal pain and vomiting
- Oophoritis and/or mastitis in females who have reached puberty
Prognosis
The disease is self-limiting, and the prognosis is generally good, even if other organs are involved. After the illness, life-long immunity to mumps generally occurs. Sterility in men secondary to testicular involvement and death are very rare occurrences.