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| ==Causes== | | ==Causes== |
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| ===Morphology===
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| [[file:Cylinder1.JPG|thumb|Morphology]]
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| Adult worms of all ''Oesophagostomum spp.'' exhibit a cephalic groove by its proximal gut as well as a visible secretory pore, or stomum, at the same level of the oesophagus19. Like other nematodes, ''Oesophagostomum spp.'' contain a developed, multi-nucleate digestive tract as well as a reproductive system. Their developed buccal capsule and club-shaped oesophagus are useful for distinguishing ''Oesophagostomum spp.'' from hookworms.<ref>Elmes, B et al. (1953). Helminthic abscess, a surgical complication of oesophagostomes and hookworms. Annals of Tropical Medicine and Parasitology. 48: 1-7.</ref>
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| Both sexes of adults have a cephalic inflation and an oral opening lined with both internal and external leaf crowns. Female adults, which have a length range of 6.5–24 mm, are generally larger than their male counterparts, with a length range of 6-16.6 mm. Males can be distinguished by their bell-like copulatory bursa, located in the tail, and their paired rodlike spicules.<ref>Ziem, J.B. “Controlling human oesophagostomiasis in northern Ghana.” (Doctoral thesis) Leiden University. 2006. <https://openaccess.leidenuniv.nl/dspace/handle/1887/4917?mode=more>.</ref>
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| Eggs are ovular in shape and range from 50 to 100 micrometres in size; they closely resembles those of hookworms, which renders diagnosis via stool analysis useless in areas co-infected with both ''Oesophagostomum'' and hookworm.<ref>Ziem, J.B. “Controlling human oesophagostomiasis in northern Ghana.” (Doctoral thesis) Leiden University. 2006.<https://openaccess.leidenuniv.nl/dspace/handle/1887/4917?mode=more>.</ref>
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| ==References== | | ==References== |