Hypocalcemia pathophysiology: Difference between revisions
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==Pathophysiology== | |||
===Alkalosis=== | ===Alkalosis=== | ||
In alkalosis, hydrogen ions dissociate from the negatively charged albumin, which allows for increased calcium binding and leads to a decreased concentration of free calcium. | |||
For an increase in pH of 0.1 unit, there is an approximately 0.05 mmol/L (0.1 mEq/L) fall in the serum level of ionized Ca<sup>++</sup>. | |||
===Respiratory Alkalosis=== | |||
Reduced ionized calcium concentration and [[hypocapnia]] associated with [[hyperventilation]] may contribute to symptoms of [[vasoconstriction]] including [[lightheadedness]], [[fainting]], and [[parasthesia]]. | |||
===Protein Binding=== | |||
Calcium binding to globulin is relatively small (1.0 g of globulin binds 0.2–0.3 mg of calcium) and generally does not influence the total serum calcium concentration. | |||
==References== | ==References== | ||
{{Reflist|2}} | {{Reflist|2}} | ||
[[Category: | |||
[[Category:Blood tests]] | |||
[[Category:Cardiology]] | |||
[[Category:Disease]] | [[Category:Disease]] | ||
[[Category: | [[Category:Emergency medicine]] | ||
[[Category:Endocrinology]] | [[Category:Endocrinology]] | ||
[[Category:Nephrology]] | [[Category:Nephrology]] | ||
Revision as of 15:46, 27 March 2015
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]
Pathophysiology
Alkalosis
In alkalosis, hydrogen ions dissociate from the negatively charged albumin, which allows for increased calcium binding and leads to a decreased concentration of free calcium.
For an increase in pH of 0.1 unit, there is an approximately 0.05 mmol/L (0.1 mEq/L) fall in the serum level of ionized Ca++.
Respiratory Alkalosis
Reduced ionized calcium concentration and hypocapnia associated with hyperventilation may contribute to symptoms of vasoconstriction including lightheadedness, fainting, and parasthesia.
Protein Binding
Calcium binding to globulin is relatively small (1.0 g of globulin binds 0.2–0.3 mg of calcium) and generally does not influence the total serum calcium concentration.