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==History and Symptoms==
==History and Symptoms ==  
 
* [[Fatigue]]
===Symptoms===
* [[Weakness]]
 
* [[Muscle cramp]]ing and spasm
====Neuromuscular Irritability====
* [[Nausea]] and [[vomiting]]
* Carpopedal spasms
* [[Abdominal pain]]
* Chvostek's sign
* [[Depression]]
* Circumoral and peripheral extremity tingling
* [[Irritability]]
* Fatigue
* [[Delirium]]
* Laryngeal and bronchial spasms
* [[Psychosis]]
* Muscle twitching and cramping
* [[Seizures]] (with severe hypocalcemia)
* Muscle weakness
* [[Perioral]] tingling and [[parasthesia]], 'pins and needles' sensation over the extremities of hands and feet. This is the earliest symptom of hypocalcemia.
* Paresthesia or numbness
* Tetany
* Trousseau's sign
 
====Central Nervous System Features====
* Altered mental status
* Cerebral calcifications
* Emotional disturbances (eg, irritability, depression)
* Papilledema
* [[Pseudotumor cerebri]]
* Seizures
 
====Cardiovascular Features====
* Congestive heart failure
* Dysrhythmias
* Hypotension
* Lengthening of the QTc interval
 
====Dermatologic Features====
* Brittle nails
* Coarse hair
* Dry skin
 
====Ocular Features====
* Cataracts


==References==
==References==
{{Reflist|2}}


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Revision as of 20:58, 25 March 2015

Hypocalcemia Microchapters

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]

History and Symptoms

Symptoms

Neuromuscular Irritability

  • Carpopedal spasms
  • Chvostek's sign
  • Circumoral and peripheral extremity tingling
  • Fatigue
  • Laryngeal and bronchial spasms
  • Muscle twitching and cramping
  • Muscle weakness
  • Paresthesia or numbness
  • Tetany
  • Trousseau's sign

Central Nervous System Features

  • Altered mental status
  • Cerebral calcifications
  • Emotional disturbances (eg, irritability, depression)
  • Papilledema
  • Pseudotumor cerebri
  • Seizures

Cardiovascular Features

  • Congestive heart failure
  • Dysrhythmias
  • Hypotension
  • Lengthening of the QTc interval

Dermatologic Features

  • Brittle nails
  • Coarse hair
  • Dry skin

Ocular Features

  • Cataracts

References