Miosis causes: Difference between revisions
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==Causes== | ==Causes== | ||
===Common Causes=== | |||
=== Diseases === | |||
* [[Horner syndrome]] (a set of abnormalities in the nervous supply of the face due to damage to the [[sympathetic nervous system]]). | |||
* [[Pancoast tumor]] (a [[lung cancer|tumor]] of the apical [[lung]]), due to damage to the ascending sympathetic tract that would normally cause the pupil to dilate. | |||
* [[Hemorrhage]] into [[pons]] ([[intracranial hemorrhage]]) | |||
=== Drugs === | |||
* [[Opioid]]s such as [[tramadol]], [[codeine]], [[morphine]], [[heroin]] and [[methadone]] | |||
* [[Antipsychotics]], including [[haloperidol]], [[thorazine]], [[olanzapine]], [[quetiapine]] and others | |||
* [[Cholinergic]] agents such as those used to treat [[Alzheimer's disease]] and [[nerve gas]]es; cholinergic drugs such as [[carbachol]] (Miostat) and [[neostigmine]] | |||
* Some cancer [[chemotherapy]] drugs, including [[camptothecin]] derivatives | |||
* [[Mirtazapine]], a [[noradrenergic and specific serotonergic antidepressant]] ([[NaSSA]]) | |||
* [[Trazodone]] | |||
* Some [[MAO_inhibitor|MAO Inhibitors]]. | |||
* In some rare cases, when exposed to [[mustard gas]]. | |||
===Miotics=== | |||
A '''miotic''' substance causes the constriction of the [[pupil]] of the eye (or [[miosis]]). It is the opposite of a [[Mydriatic]] substance, which causes [[dilation]] of the pupil. | |||
===Causes in Alphabetical Order<ref>Sailer, Christian, Wasner, Susanne. Differential Diagnosis Pocket. Hermosa Beach, CA: Borm Bruckmeir Publishing LLC, 2002:77 ISBN 1591032016</ref><ref>Kahan, Scott, Smith, Ellen G. In A Page: Signs and Symptoms. Malden, Massachusetts: Blackwell Publishing, 2004:68 ISBN 140510368X</ref>=== | ===Causes in Alphabetical Order<ref>Sailer, Christian, Wasner, Susanne. Differential Diagnosis Pocket. Hermosa Beach, CA: Borm Bruckmeir Publishing LLC, 2002:77 ISBN 1591032016</ref><ref>Kahan, Scott, Smith, Ellen G. In A Page: Signs and Symptoms. Malden, Massachusetts: Blackwell Publishing, 2004:68 ISBN 140510368X</ref>=== | ||
*[[Adie's pupil]] (long standing) | *[[Adie's pupil]] (long standing) | ||
*[[Argyll Robertson Pupils]] | *[[Argyll Robertson Pupils]] | ||
| Line 18: | Line 33: | ||
*Tertiary [[Syphillis]] | *Tertiary [[Syphillis]] | ||
*Topical [[cholinergic]]s | *Topical [[cholinergic]]s | ||
==References== | ==References== | ||
{{reflist|2}} | {{reflist|2}} | ||
Revision as of 20:36, 20 February 2013
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]
Causes
Common Causes
Diseases
- Horner syndrome (a set of abnormalities in the nervous supply of the face due to damage to the sympathetic nervous system).
- Pancoast tumor (a tumor of the apical lung), due to damage to the ascending sympathetic tract that would normally cause the pupil to dilate.
- Hemorrhage into pons (intracranial hemorrhage)
Drugs
- Opioids such as tramadol, codeine, morphine, heroin and methadone
- Antipsychotics, including haloperidol, thorazine, olanzapine, quetiapine and others
- Cholinergic agents such as those used to treat Alzheimer's disease and nerve gases; cholinergic drugs such as carbachol (Miostat) and neostigmine
- Some cancer chemotherapy drugs, including camptothecin derivatives
- Mirtazapine, a noradrenergic and specific serotonergic antidepressant (NaSSA)
- Trazodone
- Some MAO Inhibitors.
- In some rare cases, when exposed to mustard gas.
Miotics
A miotic substance causes the constriction of the pupil of the eye (or miosis). It is the opposite of a Mydriatic substance, which causes dilation of the pupil.
Causes in Alphabetical Order[1][2]
- Adie's pupil (long standing)
- Argyll Robertson Pupils
- Anisocoria
- Coma
- Horner's Syndrome
- Iritis
- Posterior iris synechiae
- Systemic opioids
- Systemic cholinergics
- Tertiary Syphillis
- Topical cholinergics