Distal radius fracture classification: Difference between revisions

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{{Distal radius fracture}}
{{Distal radius fracture}}
{{CMG}} {{AE}} {{VVS}}
{{CMG}} {{AE}} {{Rohan}}


==Classification==
==Classification==
In medicine, classifications systems are devised to describe patterns of injury which will behave in predictable ways, to distinguish between conditions which have different outcomes or which need different treatments. Most wrist fracture systems have failed to accomplish any of these goals and there is no consensus about the most useful one.  
In medicine, classifications systems are devised to describe patterns of injury which will behave in predictable ways, to distinguish between conditions which have different outcomes or which need different treatments. Most wrist fracture systems have failed to accomplish any of these goals and there is no consensus about the most useful one.  
==Overview==
There is no established system for the classification of [disease name].
OR
[Disease name] may be classified according to [classification method] into [number] subtypes/groups: [group1], [group2], [group3], and [group4].
OR
[Disease name] may be classified into [large number > 6] subtypes based on [classification method 1], [classification method 2], and [classification method 3].
[Disease name] may be classified into several subtypes based on [classification method 1], [classification method 2], and [classification method 3].
OR
Based on the duration of symptoms, [disease name] may be classified as either acute or chronic.
OR
If the staging system involves specific and characteristic findings and features:
According to the [staging system + reference], there are [number] stages of [malignancy name] based on the [finding1], [finding2], and [finding3]. Each stage is assigned a [letter/number1] and a [letter/number2] that designate the [feature1] and [feature2].
OR
The staging of [malignancy name] is based on the [staging system].
OR
There is no established system for the staging of [malignancy name].
==Classification==
There is no established system for the classification of [disease name].
OR
[Disease name] may be classified according to [classification method] into [number] subtypes/groups:
*[Group1]
*[Group2]
*[Group3]
*[Group4]
OR
[Disease name] may be classified into [large number > 6] subtypes based on:
*[Classification method 1]
*[Classification method 2]
*[Classification method 3]
[Disease name] may be classified into several subtypes based on:
*[Classification method 1]
*[Classification method 2]
*[Classification method 3]
OR


===OTA System===
===OTA System===
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* ((21-C) Articular fracture involving articular surface of two bones
* ((21-C) Articular fracture involving articular surface of two bones
** (21-C2) Simple of one, multifragmentary of other
** (21-C2) Simple of one, multifragmentary of other
** (21-C3) Multifragmentary of both  
** (21-C3) Multifragmentary of both
 
Details on further levels of subcoding are available [http://www.ota.org/compendium/radius.pdf here] (warning: PDF).
 
===Other Systems===
The images from this system illustrate how varied the injury can be. [http://www.wheelessonline.com/ortho/fractures_of_the_radius Wheeless] details several classification systems, but comments "the classification does not include extent or direction of initial displacement, dorsal comminution, or shortening of the distal fragment; - hence, it is less useful in evaluating the outcome of treatment". These systems include:
 
* [http://www.wheelessonline.com/ortho/frykman_classification_of_distal_radius_frx Frykman]
* [http://www.wheelessonline.com/ortho/melone_classification_for_distal_radius_fractures Melone]
* [http://www.wheelessonline.com/ortho/universal_classification_of_dorsal_displaced_radius_fractures Universal]. Universal codes include:
** Type I:  extra articular, undisplaced;
** Type II:  extra articular, displaced;
** Type III  intra articular, undisplaced;
** Type IV:  intra articular, displaced;
 
===General Features===
Although there is no formal scientific classification based on them, there are three features of the fracture that relate to outcome and to each other:
* stability of the fracture
* displacement (especially of the joint surface)
* how severe the injury to the joint is


At one extreme a stable, undisplaced extra-articular fracture has an excellent prognosis. On the other an unstable, displaced intra-articular fracture is difficult to treat and has a poor prognosis.


==References==
==References==

Revision as of 20:51, 12 December 2018

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Rohan A. Bhimani, M.B.B.S., D.N.B., M.Ch.[2]

Classification

In medicine, classifications systems are devised to describe patterns of injury which will behave in predictable ways, to distinguish between conditions which have different outcomes or which need different treatments. Most wrist fracture systems have failed to accomplish any of these goals and there is no consensus about the most useful one.


Overview

There is no established system for the classification of [disease name].

OR

[Disease name] may be classified according to [classification method] into [number] subtypes/groups: [group1], [group2], [group3], and [group4].

OR

[Disease name] may be classified into [large number > 6] subtypes based on [classification method 1], [classification method 2], and [classification method 3]. [Disease name] may be classified into several subtypes based on [classification method 1], [classification method 2], and [classification method 3].

OR

Based on the duration of symptoms, [disease name] may be classified as either acute or chronic.

OR

If the staging system involves specific and characteristic findings and features: According to the [staging system + reference], there are [number] stages of [malignancy name] based on the [finding1], [finding2], and [finding3]. Each stage is assigned a [letter/number1] and a [letter/number2] that designate the [feature1] and [feature2].

OR

The staging of [malignancy name] is based on the [staging system].

OR

There is no established system for the staging of [malignancy name].

Classification

There is no established system for the classification of [disease name].

OR

[Disease name] may be classified according to [classification method] into [number] subtypes/groups:

  • [Group1]
  • [Group2]
  • [Group3]
  • [Group4]

OR

[Disease name] may be classified into [large number > 6] subtypes based on:

  • [Classification method 1]
  • [Classification method 2]
  • [Classification method 3]

[Disease name] may be classified into several subtypes based on:

  • [Classification method 1]
  • [Classification method 2]
  • [Classification method 3]

OR


OTA System

The Trauma Association classification is widely accepted and under constant review. (More details available here.)

  • (21-A) Extra-articular
    • (21-A2) Radius only
    • (21-A3) Radius and ulna
  • (21-B) Articular fracture involving articular surface of only one of the two bones
    • (21-B2) Radius fractured, ulna intact
    • (21-B3) Articular of one bone, extra-articular of other
  • ((21-C) Articular fracture involving articular surface of two bones
    • (21-C2) Simple of one, multifragmentary of other
    • (21-C3) Multifragmentary of both


References

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