Esophagitis pathophysiology

Esophagitis Microchapters
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]

Pathophysiology

• The most common cause is gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). If caused by GERD, the diseases is also called reflux esophagitis.
• Other causes of esophagitis include infections (most commonly candida, herpes simplex and cytomegalovirus). These infections are typically seen in immunocompromised people, such as those with HIV.
• Food allergies have also been known to cause esophagitis
• Chemical injury by alkaline or acid solutions may also cause esophagitis, and is usually seen in children or in adults who attempt suicide.
• Physical injury resulting from radiation therapy or by nasogastric tubes may also be responsible.

Pathological Findings

Images courtesy of Professor Peter Anderson DVM PhD and published with permission © PEIR, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Department of Pathology

Gross Images

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  Esophagus: Candida: Gross natural color close up of distal esophagus mucosa, an excellent example of candida esophagitis
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  Esophagitis Candida: Gross natural color close-up, an excellent example

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  Esophagitis Candida: Gross natural color excellent close-up photo case of acute myelomonocytic leukemia
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  Necrotizing esophagitis and gastritis, sulfuric acid ingested as suicide attempt

Microscopic Images

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  Herpes esophagitis 100 x
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  Herpes esophagitis 400 x
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  Herpes esophagitis 600 x

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  Reflux esophagitis 100 x
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  Reflux esophagitis 400 x
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  Necrotizing esophagitis and gastritis, sulfuric acid ingested as suicide attempt

Histopathological Findings: Herpes Esophagitis

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