Ebola history and symptoms: Difference between revisions
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==History and Symptoms== | ==History and Symptoms== | ||
Symptoms are varied and often appear suddenly. | Symptoms are varied and often appear suddenly. Two clinical phases can be observed: | ||
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*[[ | ! style="width: 300px;background: #4479BA"|{{fontcolor|#FFF| '''''First phase'''''}} | ||
! style="width: 300px;background: #4479BA"|{{fontcolor|#FFF| '''''Second phase'''''}} | |||
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* '''General''':<br>Fever<br>Asthenia<br>Malaise<br>[[Postration]] | |||
* '''Gastrointestinal''':<br>[[Anorexia]]<br>[[Abdominal pain]]<br>[[Diarrhea]]<br>[[Nausea]]<br>[[Vomiting]]<br>[[Dysphagia]] | |||
* '''Respiratory''':<br>[[Chest pain]]<br>[[Shortness of breath]]<br>[[cough]]<br>[[Nasal discharge]] | |||
*[[ | * '''Osteoarticular''':<br>[[myalgia|Muscle pain]][[Arthralgia|Joint pain]] | ||
* '''Neurological''':<br>[[Headache]]<br>[[Confusion]]<br>[[Coma]] | |||
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* '''Hemorrhagic manifestations''': [[Hematemesis]]<br>[[Epistaxis]]<br>Gum bleeding<br>Uncontrolled oozing from venepuncture sites<br>[[Melena]]<br>[[Hematuria]] | |||
* '''Neuropsychiatric abnormalities''':<br>[[Convulsions]]<br>[[Delirium]]<br>[[Neck stiffness]] | |||
* '''General''':<br>[[Oliguria]] | |||
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The interior bleeding is caused by a chemical reaction between the virus and the platelets which creates a chemical that will cut cell sized holes into the capillary walls. After 5-7 days the person will die of "a million cuts." | The interior bleeding is caused by a chemical reaction between the virus and the platelets which creates a chemical that will cut cell sized holes into the capillary walls. After 5-7 days the person will die of "a million cuts." | ||
Revision as of 19:06, 17 June 2014
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Ebola Microchapters |
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Diagnosis |
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Treatment |
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Postmortem Care |
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Case Studies |
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Ebola history and symptoms On the Web |
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American Roentgen Ray Society Images of Ebola history and symptoms |
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Risk calculators and risk factors for Ebola history and symptoms |
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Michael Maddaleni, B.S.
Overview
Ebola hemorrhagic fever is potentially lethal and encompasses a range of symptoms including fever, chills vomiting, diarrhea, generalized pain or malaise, and sometimes internal and external bleeding, that follow an incubation period of 2-21 days.
Case definition recommendations
- Standard case definition recommended by WHO-AFRO for the notification of Ebola or Marburg cases:[1]
- Suspected Ebola or Marburg cases for routine surveillance: Illness with onset of fever and no response to treatment for usual causes of fever in the area, and at least one of the following signs: bloody diarrhea, bleeding from gums, bleeding into skin (purpura), bleeding into eyes and urine.
- Confirmed Ebola or Marburg cases for routine surveillance: A suspected case with laboratory confirmation (positive IgM antibody, positive PCR or viral isolation).
History and Symptoms
Symptoms are varied and often appear suddenly. Two clinical phases can be observed:
| First phase | Second phase |
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The interior bleeding is caused by a chemical reaction between the virus and the platelets which creates a chemical that will cut cell sized holes into the capillary walls. After 5-7 days the person will die of "a million cuts." Occasionally, internal and external hemorrhage from orifices, such as the nose and mouth may also occur, as well as from incompletely healed injuries such as needle-puncture sites. Ebola virus can affect the levels of white blood cells and platelets, disrupting clotting. Fewer than 50 percent of patients will not develop any hemorrhaging.