Ebola history and symptoms: Difference between revisions
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==Common Symptoms== | ==Common Symptoms== | ||
* [[Symptoms]] are varied and often appear suddenly. | |||
{| style="border: 0px; font-size: 90%; margin: 3px;" align=center | |||
|+ '''Two clinical phases can be observed'''<ref name="pmid9988156">{{cite journal| author=Ndambi R, Akamituna P, Bonnet MJ, Tukadila AM, Muyembe-Tamfum JJ, Colebunders R| title=Epidemiologic and clinical aspects of the Ebola virus epidemic in Mosango, Democratic Republic of the Congo, 1995. | journal=J Infect Dis | year= 1999 | volume= 179 Suppl 1 | issue= | pages= S8-10 | pmid=9988156 | doi=10.1086/514297 | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=9988156 }} </ref><ref name="pmid9988155">{{cite journal| author=Bwaka MA, Bonnet MJ, Calain P, Colebunders R, De Roo A, Guimard Y et al.| title=Ebola hemorrhagic fever in Kikwit, Democratic Republic of the Congo: clinical observations in 103 patients. | journal=J Infect Dis | year= 1999 | volume= 179 Suppl 1 | issue= | pages= S1-7 | pmid=9988155 | doi=10.1086/514308 | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=9988155 }} </ref><ref name="pmid21084112">{{cite journal| author=Feldmann H, Geisbert TW| title=Ebola haemorrhagic fever. | journal=Lancet | year= 2011 | volume= 377 | issue= 9768 | pages= 849-62 | pmid=21084112 | doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(10)60667-8 | pmc=PMC3406178 | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=21084112 }} </ref> | |||
! style="width: 300px;background: #4479BA" colspan=2|{{fontcolor|#FFF| '''''First phase'''''}} | |||
! style="width: 200px;background: #4479BA"|{{fontcolor|#FFF| '''''Second phase'''''}} | |||
|- | |||
| style="background: #F5F5F5"; valign=top | | |||
* '''General Symptoms''':<br>[[Fever]]<br>[[Asthenia]]<br>[[Malaise]]<br>Postration | |||
<br> | |||
* '''Gastrointestinal''':<br>[[Anorexia]]<br>[[Abdominal pain]]<br>[[Diarrhea]]<br>[[Nausea]]<br>[[Vomiting]]<br>[[Dysphagia]] | |||
<br> | |||
* '''Respiratory''':<br>[[Chest pain]]<br>[[Shortness of breath]]<br>[[Cough]]<br>[[Nasal discharge]]<br>[[Sore throat]] | |||
| style="background: #F5F5F5"; valign=top | | |||
* '''Osteoarticular''':<br>[[Myalgia]]<br>[[Arthralgia]]<br>[[Lumbar pain]] | |||
<br> | |||
* '''Neurological''':<br>[[Headache]]<br>[[Confusion]]<br>[[Dysesthesia]]<br>[[Tinnitus]] | |||
| style="background: #F5F5F5"; valign=top | | |||
* '''Hemorrhagic manifestations''':<br>[[Hematemesis]]<br>[[Epistaxis]]<br>[[Gingival bleeding]]<br>[[Bleeding]] from venipuncture sites<br>[[Melena]]<br>[[Hematuria]] | |||
<br> | |||
* '''Neuropsychiatric abnormalities''':<br>[[Convulsions]]<br>[[Delirium]]<br>[[Neck stiffness]]<br>[[Coma]] | |||
<br> | |||
* '''General''':<br>[[Oliguria]] | |||
|- | |||
|} | |||
==Less Common Symptoms== | |||
* Severe [[bleeding]] ([[urine]] and/or [[gastrointestinal tract]]) | |||
==References== | ==References== | ||
Revision as of 05:34, 16 July 2014
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Ebola Microchapters |
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Ebola history and symptoms On the Web |
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Risk calculators and risk factors for Ebola history and symptoms |
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Michael Maddaleni, B.S.; Guillermo Rodriguez Nava, M.D. [2]
Overview
Ebola causes a variety of symptoms which may include fever, chills vomiting, diarrhea, generalized pain or malaise, and sometimes internal and external bleeding, that follow an incubation period of 2-21 days. These symptoms are common to all species of Ebola virus, but the different species may present with differences in the severity of symptoms.
History
- The early symptoms of a VHF such as Ebola include high fever and headache. These are also symptoms of many infections seen at the health facility
- Most patients who present with fever do not have a VHF. Their fever is more often caused by malaria, typhoid fever, dysentery,severe bacterial infection or other fever-producing illness usually seen in the area
- When a patient presents with fever, exclude other causes of fever. For example, do a malaria smear or take a stool culture as soon as possible
- Treat the most likely cause of the fever according to the appropriate treatment guidelines
- If the fever continues after 3 days of recommended treatment, and if the patient shows evidence of bleeding or shock, consider a VHF
- Review the patient’s history for any contact with someone who was ill, with fever and bleeding or who died from an unexplained illness with these symptoms.
- If no other cause is found for the patient’s signs and symptoms, suspect a VHF. Begin VHF Isolation Precautions.[1]
- Fewer than 50 percent of patients will not develop any hemorrhage.
- A history of contact with another infected individual should be elicited particularly in the setting of an outbreak.
Common Symptoms
- Symptoms are varied and often appear suddenly.
| First phase | Second phase | |
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Less Common Symptoms
- Severe bleeding (urine and/or gastrointestinal tract)
References
- ↑ "Infection Control for Viral Hemorrhagic Fevers in the African Health Care Setting" (PDF). line feed character in
|title=at position 75 (help) - ↑ Ndambi R, Akamituna P, Bonnet MJ, Tukadila AM, Muyembe-Tamfum JJ, Colebunders R (1999). "Epidemiologic and clinical aspects of the Ebola virus epidemic in Mosango, Democratic Republic of the Congo, 1995". J Infect Dis. 179 Suppl 1: S8–10. doi:10.1086/514297. PMID 9988156.
- ↑ Bwaka MA, Bonnet MJ, Calain P, Colebunders R, De Roo A, Guimard Y; et al. (1999). "Ebola hemorrhagic fever in Kikwit, Democratic Republic of the Congo: clinical observations in 103 patients". J Infect Dis. 179 Suppl 1: S1–7. doi:10.1086/514308. PMID 9988155.
- ↑ Feldmann H, Geisbert TW (2011). "Ebola haemorrhagic fever". Lancet. 377 (9768): 849–62. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(10)60667-8. PMC 3406178. PMID 21084112.