Anthrax laboratory findings: Difference between revisions
Jump to navigation
Jump to search
Joao Silva (talk | contribs) |
Joao Silva (talk | contribs) No edit summary |
||
| Line 4: | Line 4: | ||
==Overview== | ==Overview== | ||
Laboratory | Laboratory abnormalities common in systemic anthrax include: 1) anemia, thrombocytopenia and leukocytosis, particularly in latter stages of the disease; 2) decreased sodium level and increased BUN; 3) elevated transaminase levels and hypoalbuminemia; 4) inflammatory pattern with a low CRP typical of injection anthrax; 5) identification of the organism, and possibly toxins, in cell cultures from blood, CSF, pleural fluid, among others; 6) and elevated troponin levels. | ||
==Laboratory Findings== | ==Laboratory Findings== | ||
| Line 20: | Line 20: | ||
| style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px;"| [[Anemia]]<br>[[Thrombocytopenia]]<br>[[Leukocytosis]] (late in disease) | | style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px;"| [[Anemia]]<br>[[Thrombocytopenia]]<br>[[Leukocytosis]] (late in disease) | ||
|- | |- | ||
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px; text-align: center;"| '''[[Electrolyte]]<br>[[Renal]] Panel | | style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px; text-align: center;"| '''[[Electrolyte]]<br>[[Renal]] Panel''' | ||
| style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" colspan=2| Decreased [[Sodium]] level<br>Increased [[BUN]] | | style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" colspan=2| Decreased [[Sodium]] level<br>Increased [[BUN]] | ||
|- | |- | ||
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px; text-align: center;"| '''[[Liver]] Enzymes<br>Serum [[Albumin]]''' | | style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px; text-align: center;"| '''[[Liver]] Enzymes<br>Serum [[Albumin]]''' | ||
| style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" colspan=2| Elevated [[transaminase]] levels<br>[[ | | style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" colspan=2| Elevated [[transaminase]] levels<br>[[Hypoalbuminemia]] | ||
|- | |- | ||
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px; text-align: center;"| '''[[PT]]<br>[[PTT]]<br>[[D-dimer]]<br>[[Fibrinogen]]''' | | style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px; text-align: center;"| '''[[PT]]<br>[[PTT]]<br>[[D-dimer]]<br>[[Fibrinogen]]''' | ||
Revision as of 14:03, 17 July 2014
|
Anthrax Microchapters |
|
Diagnosis |
|---|
|
Treatment |
|
Case Studies |
|
Anthrax laboratory findings On the Web |
|
American Roentgen Ray Society Images of Anthrax laboratory findings |
|
Risk calculators and risk factors for Anthrax laboratory findings |
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: João André Alves Silva, M.D. [2]
Overview
Laboratory abnormalities common in systemic anthrax include: 1) anemia, thrombocytopenia and leukocytosis, particularly in latter stages of the disease; 2) decreased sodium level and increased BUN; 3) elevated transaminase levels and hypoalbuminemia; 4) inflammatory pattern with a low CRP typical of injection anthrax; 5) identification of the organism, and possibly toxins, in cell cultures from blood, CSF, pleural fluid, among others; 6) and elevated troponin levels.
Laboratory Findings
The following tests are used in the diagnosis and monitoring of systemic anthrax:[1]
| Test | Initial Findings | Serial Monitoring |
|---|---|---|
| CBC | Hemoconcentration Possible Thrombocytopenia Leukocyte count commonly normal |
Anemia Thrombocytopenia Leukocytosis (late in disease) |
| Electrolyte Renal Panel |
Decreased Sodium level Increased BUN | |
| Liver Enzymes Serum Albumin |
Elevated transaminase levels Hypoalbuminemia | |
| PT PTT D-dimer Fibrinogen |
Normal PT/PTT does not exclude DIC or coagulopathy | Low threshold for hypercoagulability workup: Haptoglobin LDH Fibrin split products ADAMTS 13 if hemolytic anemia |
| C-Reactive Protein | Characterization of Inflammatory Response Typically low CRP in injection anthrax | |
| Gram stain Cultures Toxic Assays |
Blood Serum CSF Pleural fluid Ascites Wound exudate Bronchial exudate |
Cultures usually negative after antibiotics Toxins may be detected |
| Cardiac Enzymes BNP |
Troponin leak caused by increased cardiac demand from infection (particularly if atrial fibrillation with rapid ventricular response | |
References
- ↑ Hendricks, Katherine A.; Wright, Mary E.; Shadomy, Sean V.; Bradley, John S.; Morrow, Meredith G.; Pavia, Andy T.; Rubinstein, Ethan; Holty, Jon-Erik C.; Messonnier, Nancy E.; Smith, Theresa L.; Pesik, Nicki; Treadwell, Tracee A.; Bower, William A. (2014). "Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Expert Panel Meetings on Prevention and Treatment of Anthrax in Adults". Emerging Infectious Diseases. 20 (2). doi:10.3201/eid2002.130687. ISSN 1080-6040.