Anthrax physical examination: Difference between revisions
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====Temperature==== | ====Temperature==== | ||
=====Cutaneous Anthrax===== | =====Cutaneous Anthrax===== | ||
*A [[fever]] is often present | * A [[fever]] is often present | ||
=====Gastrointestinal Anthrax===== | =====Gastrointestinal Anthrax===== | ||
*A [[fever]] is often present | * A [[fever]] is often present | ||
=====Inhalation Anthrax===== | |||
* A [[fever]] is often present | |||
=====Injection Anthrax===== | |||
* A [[fever]] is often present | |||
====Pulse==== | ====Pulse==== | ||
| Line 33: | Line 36: | ||
* [[Hypotension]] may be present in severe systemic cases | * [[Hypotension]] may be present in severe systemic cases | ||
=====Gastrointestinal Anthrax===== | =====Gastrointestinal Anthrax===== | ||
* [[Hypotension]] may be present in severe systemic cases | |||
=====Inhalation Anthrax===== | |||
* [[Hypotension]] may be present in severe systemic cases | * [[Hypotension]] may be present in severe systemic cases | ||
| Line 38: | Line 43: | ||
=====Gastrointestinal Anthrax===== | =====Gastrointestinal Anthrax===== | ||
* [[Bradypnea]] may be present in more severe cases | * [[Bradypnea]] may be present in more severe cases | ||
=====Inhalation Anthrax===== | |||
* [[Bradypnea]] is often present | |||
===Skin=== | ===Skin=== | ||
====Cutaneous Anthrax==== | =====Cutaneous Anthrax===== | ||
* A [[rash]] is often present. Initially appearing as a small [[papule]], which will then develop a ring of [[vesicles]] around the [[papule]], possibly with [[exudate]]. Between days 5 - 7, initial [[papule]] will ulcerate to form a typical [[scar]]. | * A [[rash]] is often present. Initially appearing as a small [[papule]], which will then develop a ring of [[vesicles]] around the [[papule]], possibly with [[exudate]]. Between days 5 - 7, initial [[papule]] will ulcerate to form a typical [[scar]]. | ||
* [[Edema]] may be present | * [[Edema]] may be present | ||
* Regional [[lymphadenitis]] may be present | * Regional [[lymphadenitis]] may be present | ||
====Gastrointestinal Anthrax==== | =====Gastrointestinal Anthrax===== | ||
* [[Edema]] may be present, particularly in the neck region | * [[Edema]] may be present, particularly in the [[neck]] region | ||
* Pallor may be present in cases of systemic anthrax with shock | * [[Pallor]] may be present in cases of systemic anthrax with [[shock]] | ||
=====Inhalation Anthrax===== | |||
* [[Cyanosis]] may be present | |||
* [[Pallor]] may be present | |||
===Throat=== | ===Throat=== | ||
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* The [[throat]] may be [[erythematous]] if lesion located on [[oropharyngeal]] mucosa | * The [[throat]] may be [[erythematous]] if lesion located on [[oropharyngeal]] mucosa | ||
* Exudate may be present if lesion located on oropharyngeal mucosa | * Exudate may be present if lesion located on oropharyngeal mucosa | ||
* Tonsillar inflammation may be present if lesion located on oropharyngeal mucosa | * [[Tonsillar]] [[inflammation]] may be present if lesion located on [[oropharyngeal]] mucosa | ||
Revision as of 12:16, 17 July 2014
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Anthrax Microchapters |
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Diagnosis |
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Treatment |
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Case Studies |
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Anthrax physical examination On the Web |
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American Roentgen Ray Society Images of Anthrax physical examination |
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Risk calculators and risk factors for Anthrax physical examination |
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: João André Alves Silva, M.D. [2]
Overview
Physical Examination
Appearance of the Patient
The appearance of the patients and physical exam will depend on the type of anthrax present in that patient.
Vitals
Temperature
Cutaneous Anthrax
- A fever is often present
Gastrointestinal Anthrax
- A fever is often present
Inhalation Anthrax
- A fever is often present
Injection Anthrax
- A fever is often present
Pulse
Rate
Cutaneous Anthrax
- Tachycardia is often present
Gastrointestinal Anthrax
- Tachycardia is often present
Inhalation or Pulmonary Anthrax
- Tachycardia is often present
Injection Anthrax
- Tachycardia is often present
Blood Pressure
Cutaneous Anthrax
- Hypotension may be present in severe systemic cases
Gastrointestinal Anthrax
- Hypotension may be present in severe systemic cases
Inhalation Anthrax
- Hypotension may be present in severe systemic cases
Respiratory Rate
Gastrointestinal Anthrax
- Bradypnea may be present in more severe cases
Inhalation Anthrax
- Bradypnea is often present
Skin
Cutaneous Anthrax
- A rash is often present. Initially appearing as a small papule, which will then develop a ring of vesicles around the papule, possibly with exudate. Between days 5 - 7, initial papule will ulcerate to form a typical scar.
- Edema may be present
- Regional lymphadenitis may be present
Gastrointestinal Anthrax
- Edema may be present, particularly in the neck region
- Pallor may be present in cases of systemic anthrax with shock
Inhalation Anthrax
Throat
Gastrointestinal Anthrax
- The throat may be erythematous if lesion located on oropharyngeal mucosa
- Exudate may be present if lesion located on oropharyngeal mucosa
- Tonsillar inflammation may be present if lesion located on oropharyngeal mucosa
Neck
Cutaneous Anthrax
- Lymph nodes may be present, particularly if initial lesion is located in that region
Gastrointestinal Anthrax
- Painful lymph nodes may be present
- Edema may be present in oropharyngeal anthrax
Abdomen
Cutaneous Anthrax
- Abdominal tenderness may be present, particularly if exuberant vomiting
Gastrointestinal Anthrax
- Abdominal distention may be present
- Abdominal tenderness may be present
Extremities
Cutaneous Anthrax
- Edema may be present, particularly around the initial lesion
Gastrointestinal Anthrax
- Edema may be present
Neurologic
Cutaneous Anthrax
- Mental status may be altered in case of severe systemic anthrax
Gastrointestinal Anthrax
- Mental status may be altered in case of severe systemic anthrax
- Coma may be present