Polio risk factors: Difference between revisions
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* Not having been [[vaccinated]] | * Not having been [[vaccinated]] | ||
* Traveling to countries where [[polio]] occurs | * Traveling to countries where [[polio]] occurs | ||
* [[Immunodeficiency]] | * [[Immunodeficiency]]<ref>{{cite journal |author=Davis L, Bodian D, Price D, Butler I, Vickers J |title=Chronic progressive poliomyelitis secondary to vaccination of an immunodeficient child |journal=[[New England Journal of Medicine|N Engl J Med]] |volume=297 |issue=5 |pages=241–5 |year=1977 |pmid = 195206}}</ref> | ||
* Injections | * Injections | ||
* [[Malnutrition]] | * [[Malnutrition]]<ref>{{cite journal |author=Chandra R |title=Reduced secretory antibody response to live attenuated measles and poliovirus vaccines in malnourished children| url= http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pubmed&pubmedid=1131622|journal=[[British Medical Journal|Br Med J]] |volume=2 |issue=5971 |pages=583–5 |year=1975 |pmid=1131622}}</ref> | ||
Factors that increase the risk of developing poliomyelitis, after [[infection]] with [[poliovirus]] include:<ref name="pmid15885840">{{cite journal| author=Mueller S, Wimmer E, Cello J| title=Poliovirus and poliomyelitis: a tale of guts, brains, and an accidental event. | journal=Virus Res | year= 2005 | volume= 111 | issue= 2 | pages= 175-93 | pmid=15885840 | doi=10.1016/j.virusres.2005.04.008 | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=15885840 }} </ref> | Factors that increase the risk of developing poliomyelitis, after [[infection]] with [[poliovirus]] include:<ref name="pmid15885840">{{cite journal| author=Mueller S, Wimmer E, Cello J| title=Poliovirus and poliomyelitis: a tale of guts, brains, and an accidental event. | journal=Virus Res | year= 2005 | volume= 111 | issue= 2 | pages= 175-93 | pmid=15885840 | doi=10.1016/j.virusres.2005.04.008 | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=15885840 }} </ref> | ||
* [[Muscle]] [[trauma]] (''provocation'' poliomyelitis) | * [[Muscle]] [[trauma]] (''provocation'' poliomyelitis) | ||
* Excessive exercise (''provocation'' poliomyelitis) | * Excessive exercise (''provocation'' poliomyelitis)<ref>{{cite journal |author=Horstmann D |title=Acute poliomyelitis relation of physical activity at the time of onset to the course of the disease |journal=[[Journal of the American Medical Association|J Am Med Assoc]] |volume=142 |issue=4 |pages=236–41 |year=1950 |pmid=15400610}}</ref> | ||
* Injections (''provocation'' poliomyelitis) | * Injections (''provocation'' poliomyelitis)<ref>{{cite journal |author=Gromeier M, Wimmer E |title=Mechanism of injury-provoked poliomyelitis |url= http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pubmed&pubmedid=9573275| journal=J. Virol. |volume=72 |issue=6 |pages=5056–60 |year=1998 |pmid=9573275 |doi=}}</ref> | ||
* Pregnancy | * Pregnancy | ||
* [[B-cell]] [[immunodeficiency]] | * [[B-cell]] [[immunodeficiency]] | ||
* [[Tonsilectomy]] | * [[Tonsilectomy]]<ref>{{cite journal |author=Miller A |title=Incidence of poliomyelitis; the effect of tonsillectomy and other operations on the nose and throat | url= http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pubmed&pubmedid=12978882 |journal=Calif Med |volume=77 |issue=1 |pages=19–21 |year=1952 |pmid=12978882}}</ref> | ||
==References== | ==References== | ||
Revision as of 22:50, 31 August 2014
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: João André Alves Silva, M.D. [2]
Overview
Risk factors for infection with poliovirus include: not having been vaccinated; traveling to countries where the disease occurs; immunodeficiency; infections; and malnutrition. Once infected with the virus, risks for developing poliomyelitis and severe forms of the disease include: muscle trauma; excessive exercise; pregnancy; B-cell immunodeficiency and tonsillectomy.
Risk Factors
Risk factors for the development of poliomyelitis include:[1][2]
- Not having been vaccinated
- Traveling to countries where polio occurs
- Immunodeficiency[3]
- Injections
- Malnutrition[4]
Factors that increase the risk of developing poliomyelitis, after infection with poliovirus include:[5]
- Muscle trauma (provocation poliomyelitis)
- Excessive exercise (provocation poliomyelitis)[6]
- Injections (provocation poliomyelitis)[7]
- Pregnancy
- B-cell immunodeficiency
- Tonsilectomy[8]
References
- ↑ "Polyomavirus".
- ↑ "Poliomyelitis" (PDF).
- ↑ Davis L, Bodian D, Price D, Butler I, Vickers J (1977). "Chronic progressive poliomyelitis secondary to vaccination of an immunodeficient child". N Engl J Med. 297 (5): 241–5. PMID 195206.
- ↑ Chandra R (1975). "Reduced secretory antibody response to live attenuated measles and poliovirus vaccines in malnourished children". Br Med J. 2 (5971): 583–5. PMID 1131622.
- ↑ Mueller S, Wimmer E, Cello J (2005). "Poliovirus and poliomyelitis: a tale of guts, brains, and an accidental event". Virus Res. 111 (2): 175–93. doi:10.1016/j.virusres.2005.04.008. PMID 15885840.
- ↑ Horstmann D (1950). "Acute poliomyelitis relation of physical activity at the time of onset to the course of the disease". J Am Med Assoc. 142 (4): 236–41. PMID 15400610.
- ↑ Gromeier M, Wimmer E (1998). "Mechanism of injury-provoked poliomyelitis". J. Virol. 72 (6): 5056–60. PMID 9573275.
- ↑ Miller A (1952). "Incidence of poliomyelitis; the effect of tonsillectomy and other operations on the nose and throat". Calif Med. 77 (1): 19–21. PMID 12978882.