Polio medical therapy: Difference between revisions
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===Supportive Care=== | ===Supportive Care=== | ||
Hospitalization is indicated for acute cases of paralytic poliomyelitis, since bed rest prevents extension of paralysis. Pain and spasms may be relieved by application of host moist packs to the affected muscles. Once extension of paralysis has stopped, physical therapy should be initiated.<ref>{{cite book | last = Mandell | first = Gerald | title = Mandell, Douglas, and Bennett's principles and practice of infectious diseases | publisher = Churchill Livingstone/Elsevier | location = Philadelphia, PA | year = 2010 | isbn = 0443068399 }}</ref> | Hospitalization is indicated for acute cases of paralytic poliomyelitis, since bed rest prevents extension of paralysis. Pain and spasms may be relieved by application of host moist packs to the affected muscles. Once extension of paralysis has stopped, physical therapy should be initiated.<ref>{{cite book | last = Mandell | first = Gerald | title = Mandell, Douglas, and Bennett's principles and practice of infectious diseases | publisher = Churchill Livingstone/Elsevier | location = Philadelphia, PA | year = 2010 | isbn = 0443068399 }}</ref> | ||
[[Mechanical ventilation]] is indicated when [[paralysis]] of the [[respiratory]] muscles occurs, before development of [[hypoxia]]. It is often started once vital capacity is below 50%.<ref>{{cite book | last = Mandell | first = Gerald | title = Mandell, Douglas, and Bennett's principles and practice of infectious diseases | publisher = Churchill Livingstone/Elsevier | location = Philadelphia, PA | year = 2010 | isbn = 0443068399 }}</ref> | |||
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Tank respirators used in the past to treat this form of paralysis are available in few hospitals; despite their advantage of avoid- ing tracheal intubation, they have been replaced by positive-pressure ventilators, which permit easier access to the patient. Pooling of secre- tions in the pharynx in mild bulbar poliomyelitis, if unaccompanied by spinal respiratory paralysis, can be managed with postural drainage and suction. Severe bulbar paralysis necessitates tracheal intubation. Weak- ness or paralysis of the bladder may necessitate catheterization. | |||
Management of long-term physical and psychiatric sequelae of paralytic poliomyelitis is beyond the scope of this text. The reader is referred to excellent older references on these topics.54,55 | Management of long-term physical and psychiatric sequelae of paralytic poliomyelitis is beyond the scope of this text. The reader is referred to excellent older references on these topics.54,55 | ||
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==References== | ==References== | ||
{{Reflist|2}} | {{Reflist|2}} | ||
[[Category:Primary care]] | [[Category:Primary care]] | ||
[[Category:Disease]] | [[Category:Disease]] | ||
[[Category:Infectious disease]] | [[Category:Infectious disease]] | ||
{{WH}} | {{WH}} | ||
{{WS}} | {{WS}} | ||
Revision as of 16:45, 3 September 2014
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]
Overview
Only treatment for symptoms is available, ranging from pain and fever relief to intubation and mechanical ventilation for patients with respiratory insufficiency.
Medical Therapy
There is no antiviral drug, or other kind of treatment for neither form poliomyelitis. Current management of these patients is based on supportive care towards symptom relief.[1]
Supportive Care
Hospitalization is indicated for acute cases of paralytic poliomyelitis, since bed rest prevents extension of paralysis. Pain and spasms may be relieved by application of host moist packs to the affected muscles. Once extension of paralysis has stopped, physical therapy should be initiated.[2]
Mechanical ventilation is indicated when paralysis of the respiratory muscles occurs, before development of hypoxia. It is often started once vital capacity is below 50%.[3]
- ↑ Mandell, Gerald (2010). Mandell, Douglas, and Bennett's principles and practice of infectious diseases. Philadelphia, PA: Churchill Livingstone/Elsevier. ISBN 0443068399.
- ↑ Mandell, Gerald (2010). Mandell, Douglas, and Bennett's principles and practice of infectious diseases. Philadelphia, PA: Churchill Livingstone/Elsevier. ISBN 0443068399.
- ↑ Mandell, Gerald (2010). Mandell, Douglas, and Bennett's principles and practice of infectious diseases. Philadelphia, PA: Churchill Livingstone/Elsevier. ISBN 0443068399.