Polio medical therapy: Difference between revisions
Jump to navigation
Jump to search
Joao Silva (talk | contribs) No edit summary |
Joao Silva (talk | contribs) No edit summary |
||
| Line 14: | Line 14: | ||
[[Mechanical ventilation]] is indicated when [[paralysis]] of the [[respiratory]] muscles occurs, before development of [[hypoxia]]. It is often started once vital capacity is below 50%. Two respiratory machines are available for this purpose:<ref>{{cite book | last = Mandell | first = Gerald | title = Mandell, Douglas, and Bennett's principles and practice of infectious diseases | publisher = Churchill Livingstone/Elsevier | location = Philadelphia, PA | year = 2010 | isbn = 0443068399 }}</ref> | [[Mechanical ventilation]] is indicated when [[paralysis]] of the [[respiratory]] muscles occurs, before development of [[hypoxia]]. It is often started once vital capacity is below 50%. Two respiratory machines are available for this purpose:<ref>{{cite book | last = Mandell | first = Gerald | title = Mandell, Douglas, and Bennett's principles and practice of infectious diseases | publisher = Churchill Livingstone/Elsevier | location = Philadelphia, PA | year = 2010 | isbn = 0443068399 }}</ref> | ||
* Tank Respirators - although not commonly used, some institutions use these respirators, that were used in the past to treat the same type of patients, in order to avoid tracheal intubation and the complications that may occur from it. | * Tank Respirators - although not commonly used, some institutions use these respirators, that were used in the past to treat the same type of patients, in order to avoid tracheal intubation and the complications that may occur from it. | ||
* Positive-pressure Ventilators - Although requiring tracheal intubation, these machines are replacing tank respirators, allowing better access to the patient. | |||
For patients with bulbar poliomyelitis, that is not accompanied by respiratory muscle paralysis, drainage of secretions may be accomplished by suction and postural drainage. For severe cases of bulbar paralysis, tracheal intubation may be required.<ref>{{cite book | last = Mandell | first = Gerald | title = Mandell, Douglas, and Bennett's principles and practice of infectious diseases | publisher = Churchill Livingstone/Elsevier | location = Philadelphia, PA | year = 2010 | isbn = 0443068399 }}</ref> | |||
In spinal poliomyelitis, leading to paralysis or weakness of the bladder, catheterization may be indicated.<ref>{{cite book | last = Mandell | first = Gerald | title = Mandell, Douglas, and Bennett's principles and practice of infectious diseases | publisher = Churchill Livingstone/Elsevier | location = Philadelphia, PA | year = 2010 | isbn = 0443068399 }}</ref> | |||
Psychological management of the disease should also be provided to the patient, in order to help him deal with the disease and accompanying disabilities.<ref>{{cite book | last = Mandell | first = Gerald | title = Mandell, Douglas, and Bennett's principles and practice of infectious diseases | publisher = Churchill Livingstone/Elsevier | location = Philadelphia, PA | year = 2010 | isbn = 0443068399 }}</ref> | |||
<!-- | |||
No cure for polio exists, and the focus of modern polio treatment has been on increasing comfort, speeding recovery and preventing complications. Supportive measures include: [[antibiotics]] to prevent infections in weakened muscles, [[analgesics]] for pain, moderate exercise and a nutritious diet. Treatment of polio also often requires long-term rehabilitation including physical therapy, braces, corrective shoes and, in some cases, [[orthopedic surgery]]. | No cure for polio exists, and the focus of modern polio treatment has been on increasing comfort, speeding recovery and preventing complications. Supportive measures include: [[antibiotics]] to prevent infections in weakened muscles, [[analgesics]] for pain, moderate exercise and a nutritious diet. Treatment of polio also often requires long-term rehabilitation including physical therapy, braces, corrective shoes and, in some cases, [[orthopedic surgery]]. | ||
| Line 28: | Line 30: | ||
Other historical treatments for polio have included [[hydrotherapy]], [[electrotherapy]] and surgical treatments such as tendon lengthening and nerve grafting. The use of devices such as rigid braces and body casts—which tended to cause muscle atrophy due to the limited movement of the user—were also touted as effective treatments. Massage, passive motion exercises, and vitamin C were also used to treat polio victims, with varying degrees of success. | Other historical treatments for polio have included [[hydrotherapy]], [[electrotherapy]] and surgical treatments such as tendon lengthening and nerve grafting. The use of devices such as rigid braces and body casts—which tended to cause muscle atrophy due to the limited movement of the user—were also touted as effective treatments. Massage, passive motion exercises, and vitamin C were also used to treat polio victims, with varying degrees of success. | ||
--> | |||
==References== | ==References== | ||
{{Reflist|2}} | {{Reflist|2}} | ||
Revision as of 16:56, 3 September 2014
|
Polio Microchapters |
|
Causes |
|---|
|
Diagnosis |
|
Treatment |
|
Case Studies |
|
Polio medical therapy On the Web |
|
American Roentgen Ray Society Images of Polio medical therapy |
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]
Overview
Only treatment for symptoms is available, ranging from pain and fever relief to intubation and mechanical ventilation for patients with respiratory insufficiency.
Medical Therapy
There is no antiviral drug, or other kind of treatment for neither form poliomyelitis. Current management of these patients is based on supportive care towards symptom relief.[1]
Supportive Care
Hospitalization is indicated for acute cases of paralytic poliomyelitis, since bed rest prevents extension of paralysis. Pain and spasms may be relieved by application of host moist packs to the affected muscles. Once extension of paralysis has stopped, physical therapy should be initiated.[2]
Mechanical ventilation is indicated when paralysis of the respiratory muscles occurs, before development of hypoxia. It is often started once vital capacity is below 50%. Two respiratory machines are available for this purpose:[3]
- Tank Respirators - although not commonly used, some institutions use these respirators, that were used in the past to treat the same type of patients, in order to avoid tracheal intubation and the complications that may occur from it.
- Positive-pressure Ventilators - Although requiring tracheal intubation, these machines are replacing tank respirators, allowing better access to the patient.
For patients with bulbar poliomyelitis, that is not accompanied by respiratory muscle paralysis, drainage of secretions may be accomplished by suction and postural drainage. For severe cases of bulbar paralysis, tracheal intubation may be required.[4]
In spinal poliomyelitis, leading to paralysis or weakness of the bladder, catheterization may be indicated.[5]
Psychological management of the disease should also be provided to the patient, in order to help him deal with the disease and accompanying disabilities.[6]
References
- ↑ Mandell, Gerald (2010). Mandell, Douglas, and Bennett's principles and practice of infectious diseases. Philadelphia, PA: Churchill Livingstone/Elsevier. ISBN 0443068399.
- ↑ Mandell, Gerald (2010). Mandell, Douglas, and Bennett's principles and practice of infectious diseases. Philadelphia, PA: Churchill Livingstone/Elsevier. ISBN 0443068399.
- ↑ Mandell, Gerald (2010). Mandell, Douglas, and Bennett's principles and practice of infectious diseases. Philadelphia, PA: Churchill Livingstone/Elsevier. ISBN 0443068399.
- ↑ Mandell, Gerald (2010). Mandell, Douglas, and Bennett's principles and practice of infectious diseases. Philadelphia, PA: Churchill Livingstone/Elsevier. ISBN 0443068399.
- ↑ Mandell, Gerald (2010). Mandell, Douglas, and Bennett's principles and practice of infectious diseases. Philadelphia, PA: Churchill Livingstone/Elsevier. ISBN 0443068399.
- ↑ Mandell, Gerald (2010). Mandell, Douglas, and Bennett's principles and practice of infectious diseases. Philadelphia, PA: Churchill Livingstone/Elsevier. ISBN 0443068399.