Mental retardation risk factors: Difference between revisions
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{{Mental retardation}} | {{Mental retardation}} | ||
{{CMG}}; {{AE}} {{KS}} | {{CMG}}; {{AE}} {{KS}} | ||
==Overview== | |||
Risk factors for mental retardation include genetic syndromes, hypoxic ischemic injury, and seizure disorders among others.<ref>{{cite book | title = Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders : DSM-5 | publisher = American Psychiatric Association | location = Washington, D.C | year = 2013 | isbn = 0890425558 }}</ref> | |||
==Risk Factors== | ==Risk Factors== | ||
*Genetic syndromes (e.g., | *Genetic syndromes (e.g., sequence variations or copy number variants involving one or more genes; chromosomal disorders) | ||
*Inborn errors of metabolism | *Inborn errors of metabolism | ||
*Brain malformations | *Brain malformations | ||
*Maternal disease ( | *Maternal disease (including placental disease) | ||
*Environmental influences (e.g., alcohol, other drugs, toxins, teratogens) | *Environmental influences (e.g., alcohol, other drugs, toxins, teratogens) | ||
*Variety of labor and delivery-related events leading toneonatal encephalopathy | *Variety of labor and delivery-related events leading toneonatal encephalopathy | ||
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Kiran Singh, M.D. [2]
Overview
Risk factors for mental retardation include genetic syndromes, hypoxic ischemic injury, and seizure disorders among others.[1]
Risk Factors
- Genetic syndromes (e.g., sequence variations or copy number variants involving one or more genes; chromosomal disorders)
- Inborn errors of metabolism
- Brain malformations
- Maternal disease (including placental disease)
- Environmental influences (e.g., alcohol, other drugs, toxins, teratogens)
- Variety of labor and delivery-related events leading toneonatal encephalopathy
- Hypoxic ischemic injury
- Traumatic brain injury
- Infections
- Demyelinating disorders
- Seizure disorders (e.g., infantile spasms)
- Severe and chronic social deprivation
- Toxic metabolic syndromes and intoxications(e.g., lead, mercury)[2]
References
- ↑ Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders : DSM-5. Washington, D.C: American Psychiatric Association. 2013. ISBN 0890425558.
- ↑ Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders : DSM-5. Washington, D.C: American Psychiatric Association. 2013. ISBN 0890425558.