Adjustment disorder: Difference between revisions

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	Adjustment disorder;
ICD-10	F43.2
ICD-9	309
DiseasesDB	33765
MedlinePlus	000932
MeSH	D000275

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Revision as of 17:25, 23 October 2014

For patient information click here

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Kiran Singh, M.D. [2]

Overview

Adjustment disorder refers to a psychological disturbance that develops in response to a stressor. Adjustment disorders are caused by specific sources of stress, such as severe personal crisis (divorce, death of loved one, recent abuse, recent job changes) or major unexpected negative events (tornado or fire destroys a person's home). The usual symptoms mimic depression, anxiety, or sleep disorder; however the disturbance disorder is short-term and can usually be treated with counselling or mild short-term medication. If the problem persists more than six months after removal of the stressor, the person may have a more permanent problem, such as a chronic mood or sleep disorder.

Differential Diagnosis

Epidemiology and Demographics

Prevalence

The prevalence of adjustment disorder is:

5,000-20,000 per 100,000 in the outpatient mental health setting.
50,000 per 100,000 in the in-hospital psychiatric consultation setting of the overall population.^[1]

Risk Factors

Stressors^[1]

Diagnostic Criteria

DSM-V Diagnostic Criteria for Adjustment Disorder^[1]

“

A.The development of emotional or behavioral symptoms in response to an identifiable stressor(s) occurring within 3 months of the onset of the stressor(s).

AND

B.These symptoms or behaviors are clinically significant, as evidenced by one or both of the following:

1. Marked distress that is out of proportion to the severity or intensity of the stressor,taking into account the external context and the cultural factors that might influence

symptom severity and presentation.

2.Significant impairment in social, occupational, or other important areas of functioning.

AND

C.The stress-related disturbance does not meet the criteria for another mental disorder and is not merely an exacerbation of a preexisting mental disorder.

AND

D.The symptoms do not represent normal bereavement.

AND

E.Once the stressor or its consequences have terminated, the symptoms do not persist for more than an additional 6 months.

Specify whether:

With depressed mood: Low mood, tearfulness, or feelings of hopelessness are predominant.

With anxiety: Nervousness, worry, jitteriness, or separation anxiety is predominant.

With mixed anxiety and depressed mood: A combination of depression and anxiety is predominant.

With disturbance of conduct: Disturbance of conduct is predominant.

With mixed disturbance of emotions and conduct: Both emotional symptoms (e.g., depression, anxiety) and a disturbance of conduct are predominant.

Unspecified: For maladaptive reactions that are not classifiable as one of the specific subtypes of adjustment disorder.

”

References

↑ ^1.0 ^1.1 ^1.2 ^1.3 Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders : DSM-5. Washington, D.C: American Psychiatric Association. 2013. ISBN 0890425558.

nl:Aanpassingsstoornis

Template:Mental-health-stub Template:Psychology-stub

[DSMV-1] 1.0 ^1.1 ^1.2 ^1.3 Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders : DSM-5. Washington, D.C: American Psychiatric Association. 2013. ISBN 0890425558.

[1]

@@ Line 18: / Line 18: @@
 ==Overview==
-In [[psychology]], '''adjustment disorder''' refers to a psychological disturbance that develops in response to a stressor. Adjustment disorders are caused by specific sources of [[stress (medicine)|stress]], such as severe personal crisis (divorce, death of loved one, recent abuse, recent job changes) or major unexpected negative events (tornado or fire destroys a person's home). The usual symptoms mimic [[clinical depression|depression]], [[anxiety]], or [[sleep disorder]]; however the disturbance disorder is short-term and can usually be treated with counselling or mild short-term medication. If the problem persists more than six months after removal of the stressor, the person may have a more permanent problem, such as a chronic mood or sleep disorder.
+Adjustment disorder refers to a psychological disturbance that develops in response to a stressor. Adjustment disorders are caused by specific sources of [[stress (medicine)|stress]], such as severe personal crisis (divorce, death of loved one, recent abuse, recent job changes) or major unexpected negative events (tornado or fire destroys a person's home). The usual symptoms mimic [[clinical depression|depression]], [[anxiety]], or [[sleep disorder]]; however the disturbance disorder is short-term and can usually be treated with counselling or mild short-term medication. If the problem persists more than six months after removal of the stressor, the person may have a more permanent problem, such as a chronic mood or sleep disorder.
-For related DSM codes see [[DSM-IV_Codes#Adjustment_Disorders|DSM IV Adjustment_Disorders]]
 ==Differential Diagnosis==
 *[[Acute stress disorder]]
 *[[Major depressive disorder]]
-*Normative stress reactions
+* Normative stress reactions
 *[[Personality disorders]]
-*[[Post traumatic stress disorder]]
+*[[Post traumatic stress disorder]]<ref name=DSMV>{{cite book | title = Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders : DSM-5 | publisher = American Psychiatric Association | location = Washington, D.C | year = 2013 | isbn = 0890425558 }}</ref>
-*Psychological factors affecting other medical conditions<ref name=DSMV>{{cite book | title = Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders : DSM-5 | publisher = American Psychiatric Association | location = Washington, D.C | year = 2013 | isbn = 0890425558 }}</ref>
 ==Epidemiology and Demographics==
 ===Prevalence===
 The prevalence of adjustment disorder is:
-*5,000-20,000 per 100,000 in outpatient mental health of the overall population.
+*5,000-20,000 per 100,000 in the outpatient mental health setting.
-*50,000 per 100,000 in hospital psychiatric consultation  setting of the overall population.<ref name=DSMV>{{cite book | title = Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders : DSM-5 | publisher = American Psychiatric Association | location = Washington, D.C | year = 2013 | isbn = 0890425558 }}</ref>
+*50,000 per 100,000 in the in-hospital psychiatric consultation setting of the overall population.<ref name=DSMV>{{cite book | title = Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders : DSM-5 | publisher = American Psychiatric Association | location = Washington, D.C | year = 2013 | isbn = 0890425558 }}</ref>
 ==Risk Factors==
@@ Line 63: / Line 61: @@
 *With depressed mood: Low mood, tearfulness, or feelings of hopelessness are predominant.
-*With [[anxiety]]: Nervousness, worry, jitteriness, or [[separation anxiety]] is predominant.
+*With [[anxiety]]: Nervousness, worry, jitteriness, or separation anxiety is predominant.
 *With mixed anxiety and depressed mood: A combination of [[depression]] and [[anxiety]] is predominant.

v t e WHO ICD-10 mental and behavioral disorders (F · 290–319)
Neurological/symptomatic	Dementia (Alzheimer's disease, multi-infarct dementia, Pick's disease, Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease, Huntington's disease, Parkinson's disease, AIDS dementia complex, Frontotemporal dementia) · Delirium · Post-concussion syndrome
Psychoactive substance	Intoxication (drunkenness) · Physical dependence (alcohol dependence, opioid dependency, cocaine dependence) · Withdrawal (benzodiazepine withdrawal, delirium tremens) · Amnesic: (Korsakoff's syndrome)
Psychotic disorder	Schizophrenia (disorganized schizophrenia) · Schizotypal personality disorder · Delusional disorder · Folie à deux · Schizoaffective disorder
Mood (affective)	Mania · Bipolar disorder · Clinical depression · Cyclothymia · Dysthymia
Neurotic, stress-related and somatoform	Agoraphobia · Anxiety disorder · Panic disorder · Generalized anxiety disorder · Social Anxiety Disorder · OCD · Acute stress reaction · PTSD · Adjustment disorder · Conversion disorder (Ganser syndrome) · Somatoform disorder · Somatization disorder · Neurasthenia
Physiological/physical behavioural	Eating disorder (anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa) · Sleep disorder (dyssomnia, insomnia, hypersomnia, parasomnia, night terror, nightmare) · Sexual dysfunction (erectile dysfunction, premature ejaculation, vaginismus, dyspareunia, hypersexuality) · Postpartum depression
Adult personality and behaviour	Personality disorder · Passive-aggressive behavior · Kleptomania · Trichotillomania · Voyeurism · Factitious disorder · Munchausen syndrome · Ego-dystonic sexual orientation
Mental retardation	Mental retardation
Psychological development (developmental disorder)	Specific: speech and language (expressive language disorder, aphasia, expressive aphasia, receptive aphasia, Landau-Kleffner syndrome, lisp) · Scholastic skills (dyslexia, dysgraphia, Gerstmann syndrome) · Motor function (developmental dyspraxia) Pervasive: Autism · Rett syndrome · Asperger syndrome
Behavioural and emotional, childhood and adolescence onset	ADHD · Conduct disorder · Oppositional defiant disorder · Separation anxiety disorder · Selective mutism · Reactive attachment disorder · Tic disorder · Tourette syndrome · Speech (stuttering · cluttering)

Adjustment disorder
ICD-10	F43.2
ICD-9	309
DiseasesDB	33765
MedlinePlus	000932
MeSH	D000275

Adjustment disorder: Difference between revisions

Revision as of 17:25, 23 October 2014

Overview

Differential Diagnosis

Epidemiology and Demographics

Prevalence

Risk Factors

Diagnostic Criteria

DSM-V Diagnostic Criteria for Adjustment Disorder[1]

References

Navigation menu

DSM-V Diagnostic Criteria for Adjustment Disorder^[1]