Hospital-acquired pneumonia risk factors: Difference between revisions

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==References==
==References==
{{reflist|2}}
{{reflist|2}}

Revision as of 20:22, 15 December 2014

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]

Overview

Among the factors contributing to contracting HAP are mechanical ventilation (ventilator-associated pneumonia), old age, decreased filtration of inspired air, intrinsic respiratory, neurologic, or other disease states that result in respiratory tract obstruction, trauma, (abdominal) surgery, medications, diminished lung volumes, or decreased clearance of secretions may diminish the defenses of the lung. Also poor hand-washing and inadequate disinfection of respiratory devicescauses cross-infection and is an important factor.

Risk Factors

Major risk factors for hospital-acquired pneumonia
  • Primary admitting diagnosis of burns, trauma, or disease of the CNS
  • Thoraco-abdominal surgery
  • Depressed level of consciousness
  • Prior episode of a large-volume aspiration
  • Underlying chronic lung disease
  • >70 years of age
  • Fall-winter season
  • 24-hour ventilator-circuit changes
  • Stress-bleeding prophylaxis with cimetidine with or without antacid
  • Administration of antimicrobial agents
  • Presence of a nasogastric tube
  • Severe trauma
  • Recent bronchoscopy
Table adapted from CDC[1]

References

  1. "CDC GUIDELINES FOR PREVENTING HEALTH-CARE-ASSOCIATED PNEUMONIA, 2003" (PDF).

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