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| ===Causes in Alphabetical Order=== | | ===Causes in Alphabetical Order=== |
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| *[[5-Fluorouracil]] | | *[[5-Fluorouracil]] |
| *[[Actinomycosis]] | | *[[Actinomycosis]] |
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| *[[ECHO virus]] | | *[[ECHO virus]] |
| *[[Endocarditis]] | | *[[Endocarditis]] |
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| *[[Esophageal rupture]] | | *[[Esophageal rupture]] |
| *[[esophageal rupture|Esophogeal perforation]] | | *[[esophageal rupture|Esophogeal perforation]] |
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| *[[Percutaneous coronary intervention]] | | *[[Percutaneous coronary intervention]] |
| *[[Pergolide]] | | *[[Pergolide]] |
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| *[[Phenylbutazone]] | | *[[Phenylbutazone]] |
| *[[Pneumococci]] | | *[[Pneumococci]] |
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| *[[Wegener's granulomatosis]] | | *[[Wegener's granulomatosis]] |
| *[[Whipple's Disease]] | | *[[Whipple's Disease]] |
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| ==References== | | ==References== |
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Mugilan Poongkunran M.B.B.S [2] Ahmed Zaghw, M.D. [3]
Overview
Pericarditis can present as a disorder primarily involving the pericardium (e.g viral etiologies), or as a manifestation of a systemic illness (e.g. autoimmune illnesses), or as a manifestation of a disorder involving an adjacent anatomic structure (e.g. neoplastic). The majority of patients are not found to have an identifiable cause of pericardial disease. Frequently such cases are presumed to have a viral or autoimmune etiology. The most common viral infections causing pericarditis are reported to be coxsackievirus and echovirus, while histoplasmosis is the most common cause of fungal pericarditis in patients with an intact immune system. Pericarditis is most likely to occur in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and rheumatoid arthritis.
Causes
Life Threatening Causes
Life-threatening causes include conditions which may result in death or permanent disability within 24 hours if left untreated.
Common Causes
Causes by Organ System
| Cardiovascular
|
Acute myocardial infarction, aortic rupture, benign obstruction of thoracic duct, dissecting aortic aneurysm, Dresslers syndrome, endocarditis, myocardial rupture, myocarditis
|
| Chemical / poisoning
|
Scombrotoxic fish poisoning
|
| Dermatologic
|
Behcet syndrome
|
| Drug Side Effect
|
Aminosalicylic acid, amiodarone, anticoagulants, bromocriptine, cromolyn sodium, cyclosporine, cyclophosphamide, cytarabine, dantrolene, daunorubicin, doxorubicin, Doxycycline, 5-fluorouracil, hydantoin, hydralazine, isoniazid, mesalazine, methyldopa, methysergide, minoxidil, Olsalazine, penicillin, Pergolide, phenylbutazone, practolol, pramipexole, procainamide, procainamide, reserpine, ropinirole, streptokinase, streptomycin, sulfa drugs, Thalidomide, thiazides, thiouracil, thrombolytics, tocainide
|
| Ear Nose Throat
|
Temporal arteritis
|
| Endocrine
|
Addisonian crisis, hypothyroidism, myxedema
|
| Environmental
|
Asbestosis, polytetrafluoroethylene inhalation, silicosis
|
| Gastroenterologic
|
Inflammatory bowel disease, Whipple's disease
|
| Genetic
|
Gaucher disease, Jacobs arthropathy-camptodactyly syndrome, Mulibrey nanism syndrome, recurrent hereditary polyserositis
|
| Hematologic
|
Leukemia, lymphoma
|
| Iatrogenic
|
Cardiac catheterization, cardiopulmonary resuscitation, cathether ablation for arrhythmias, coronary artery bypass grafting, dialysis, heart surgery, pacemaker syndrome, percutaneous coronary intervention, postpericardiotomy syndrome, radiation therapy, TAVI, thoracic surgery, vaccines (smallpox, yellow fever), valvuloplasty
|
| Infectious Disease
|
Actinomycosis, adenovirus, alveolar hydatid disease, amebiasis, aspergillus, blastomycosis, borrelia, brucellosis, candida, chlamydia psittaci, coccidiomycosis, coxsackie B virus, cytomegalovirus, E.coli, EBV, echinococcus, ECHO virus, entamoeba histolytica, francisella, haemophilus influenza, hepatitis B, herpes viruses, histoplasmosis, HIV, infectious mononucleosis, influenza, klebsiella, legionella, Lyme disease, meningococci, mumps, mycobacterium tuberculosis, mycoplasma, neisseria, nocardia, pneumococcus, proteus, pseudomonas, rickettsia, salmonella, staphylococcus, streptococcus, toxoplasmosis, tularemia, ureaplasma, varicella
|
| Musculoskeletal / Ortho
|
Ankylosing spondylitis, dermatomyositis, polymyositis, Reiter's Syndrome, rheumatoid arthritis, Still's disease
|
| Neurologic
|
No underlying causes
|
| Nutritional / Metabolic
|
No underlying causes
|
| Obstetric/Gynecologic
|
No underlying causes
|
| Oncologic
|
Angioma, breast cancer, carcinoid, fibroma, Kaposi's sarcoma, leiomyoma, leukemia, lipoma, lung cancer, lymphoma, melanoma, mesothelioma, neoplasia that has spread to the pericardium, ovarian cancer, rhabdomyosarcoma, sarcoma, Sipple syndrome, teratoma
|
| Opthalmologic
|
No underlying causes
|
| Overdose / Toxicity
|
No underlying causes
|
| Psychiatric
|
No underlying causes
|
| Pulmonary
|
Lung cancer, pneumonia, sarcoidosis
|
| Renal / Electrolyte
|
Uremic pericarditis
|
| Rheum / Immune / Allergy
|
Acute rheumatic fever, amyloidosis, ankylosing spondylitis, Behcet syndrome, Dressler's syndrome, familial mediterranean fever, inflammatory bowel disease, Kawasaki disease, mixed connective tissue disease, polyarteritis nodosa, polymyositis, Reiter's Syndrome, rheumatoid arthritis, sarcoidosis, scleroderma, Still's disease, systemic lupus erythematosus, systemic sclerosis, temporal arteritis, Wegener's granulomatosis
|
| Sexual
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Neisseria gonorrhoeae, treponema pallidum
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| Trauma
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Blunt or penetrating chest trauma, esophageal rupture, esophogeal perforation, gastric perforation, pancreatic-pericardial fistula
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| Urologic
|
Renal failure, uremia
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| Miscellaneous
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Idiopathic
|
Causes in Alphabetical Order
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References
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