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| __NOTOC__
| | #REDIRECT[[Candida albicans]] |
| {{Candidiasis}}
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| {{CMG}}
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| ==Overview==
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| '''Candidiasis''', commonly called '''yeast infection''' or '''thrush''', is a [[fungal infection]] (mycosis) of any of the ''[[Candida (genus)|Candida]]'' species, of which ''[[Candida albicans]]'' is the most common.<ref name=Baron>{{cite book | author = Walsh TJ, Dixon DM | chapter=Deep Mycoses |title=Baron's Medical Microbiology |editor=Baron S ''et al'' eds.| edition = 4th ed. | publisher = Univ of Texas Medical Branch | year = 1996 |isbn=0-9631172-1-1 |url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/bv.fcgi?rid=mmed.section.4006 |format=via NCBI Bookshelf}}</ref><ref name="Medline Plus">{{MedlinePlus|001511|Vaginal yeast infection}}</ref> Candidiasis thereby encompasses infections that range from superficial, such as oral thrush and [[vaginitis]], to [[systemic]] and potentially life-threatening diseases.
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| ==Causes==
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| ''Candida'' yeasts are usually present in most people, but uncontrolled multiplication resulting in disease symptoms is kept in check by other naturally occurring [[microorganism]]s, e.g., bacteria co-existing with the yeasts in the same locations, and by the human [[immune system]].
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| In a study of 1009 women in New Zealand, the fungus, ''Candida albicans'', was isolated from the vaginas of 19% of apparently healthy women. Carriers experienced few or no symptoms. However, external use of irritants (such as some detergents or [[douche]]s) or internal disturbances (hormonal or physiological) can perturb the normal [[vaginal flora|flora]], constituting [[lactic acid bacteria]], such as [[lactobacilli]], and an overgrowth of yeast can result in noticeable symptoms. Pregnancy, the use of oral contraceptives, engaging in vaginal sex immediately and without cleansing after anal sex, and using lubricants containing glycerin have been found to be causally related to yeast infections. [[Diabetes mellitus]] and the use of [[antibiotics]] are also linked to an increased incidence of yeast infections. Candidiasis can be sexually transmitted from men to women, but not from a woman to a man. Diet has been found to be the cause in some animals. [[Hormone Replacement Therapy]] and infertility treatments may also be predisposing factors.
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| ===Drug Side Effect===
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| *[[Ceftazidime]]
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| * [[Cortisone]]
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| * [[Ethynodiol diacetate and ethinyl estradiol]]
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| * [[Metronidazole]]
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| *[[Oprelvekin]]
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| ==Gallery==
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| <gallery>
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| Image: Candidiasis 16.jpeg| photomicrograph of the fungus Candida albicans. <SMALL><SMALL>''[http://phil.cdc.gov/phil/home.asp From Public Health Image Library (PHIL).] ''<ref name=PHIL> {{Cite web | title = Public Health Image Library (PHIL) | url = http://phil.cdc.gov/phil/home.asp}}</ref></SMALL></SMALL>
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| </gallery>
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| ==References==
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| {{Reflist|2}}
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| [[Category:Infectious disease]]
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| [[Category:Nephrology]]
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| [[Category:Dermatology]]
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| [[Category:Gynecology]]
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| [[Category:Microbiology]]
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| [[Category:Overview complete]]
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| [[Category:Disease]]
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