West nile virus infection medical therapy: Difference between revisions
Jump to navigation
Jump to search
Created page with "{{West nile virus infection }} {{CMG}}; {{AE}} {{AL}} ==Overview== There is currently no specific antiviral pharmacologic therapy indicated for patients with WNV infectio..." |
No edit summary |
||
| Line 8: | Line 8: | ||
:* '''West nile virus<ref name=CDC West nile virus>{{cite web | title = CDC West nile virus | url =http://www.cdc.gov/westnile/symptoms/index.html }}</ref>''' | :* '''West nile virus<ref name=CDC West nile virus>{{cite web | title = CDC West nile virus | url =http://www.cdc.gov/westnile/symptoms/index.html }}</ref>''' | ||
::* 1.1. '''Prevention''' | ::* 1.1. '''Prevention''' | ||
:::* No WNV vaccines are licensed for use in humans. In the absence of a vaccine, prevention of WNV disease depends on community-level mosquito control programs to reduce vector densities, personal protective measures to decrease exposure to infected mosquitoes, and screening of blood and organ donors. | :::* No WNV vaccines are licensed for use in humans. In the absence of a [[vaccine]], prevention of WNV disease depends on community-level mosquito control programs to reduce vector densities, personal protective measures to decrease exposure to infected mosquitoes, and screening of blood and organ donors. | ||
:::* Personal protective measures include use of mosquito repellents, wearing long-sleeved shirts and long pants, and limiting outdoor exposure from dusk to dawn. Using air conditioning, installing window and door screens, and reducing peridomestic mosquito breeding sites, can further decrease the risk for WNV exposure. | :::* Personal protective measures include use of mosquito repellents, wearing long-sleeved shirts and long pants, and limiting outdoor exposure from dusk to dawn. Using air conditioning, installing window and door screens, and reducing peridomestic mosquito breeding sites, can further decrease the risk for WNV exposure. | ||
:::* Blood and some organ donations in the United States are screened for WNV infection; health care professionals should remain vigilant for the possible transmission of WNV through blood transfusion or organ transplantation. Any suspected WNV infections temporally associated with blood transfusion or organ transplantation should be reported promptly to the appropriate state health department. | :::* Blood and some organ donations in the United States are screened for WNV infection; health care professionals should remain vigilant for the possible transmission of WNV through blood transfusion or organ transplantation. Any suspected WNV infections temporally associated with blood transfusion or organ transplantation should be reported promptly to the appropriate state health department. | ||
Revision as of 11:12, 12 August 2015
|
West nile virus infection Microchapters |
|
Differentiating West nile virus infection from other Diseases |
|---|
|
Diagnosis |
|
Treatment |
|
Case Studies |
|
West nile virus infection medical therapy On the Web |
|
American Roentgen Ray Society Images of West nile virus infection medical therapy |
|
Risk calculators and risk factors for West nile virus infection medical therapy |
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Alejandro Lemor, M.D. [2]
Overview
There is currently no specific antiviral pharmacologic therapy indicated for patients with WNV infection, but interferon-alpha-2b or ribavirin have been used. Patients with mild disease may be followed-up as outpatients; whereas patients with severe disease require hospitalization and close monitoring. Current management of infected patients is based on supportive care aimed at symptom relief and prevention of complications.
Medical therapy
- West nile virus
- 1.1. Prevention
- No WNV vaccines are licensed for use in humans. In the absence of a vaccine, prevention of WNV disease depends on community-level mosquito control programs to reduce vector densities, personal protective measures to decrease exposure to infected mosquitoes, and screening of blood and organ donors.
- Personal protective measures include use of mosquito repellents, wearing long-sleeved shirts and long pants, and limiting outdoor exposure from dusk to dawn. Using air conditioning, installing window and door screens, and reducing peridomestic mosquito breeding sites, can further decrease the risk for WNV exposure.
- Blood and some organ donations in the United States are screened for WNV infection; health care professionals should remain vigilant for the possible transmission of WNV through blood transfusion or organ transplantation. Any suspected WNV infections temporally associated with blood transfusion or organ transplantation should be reported promptly to the appropriate state health department.
- 1.2. Treatment
- There is no specific treatment for WNV disease; clinical management is supportive. Patients with severe meningeal symptoms often require pain control for headaches and antiemetic therapy and rehydration for associated nausea and vomiting. Patients with encephalitis require close monitoring for the development of elevated intracranial pressure and seizures. Patients with encephalitis or poliomyelitis should be monitored for inability to protect their airway. Acute neuromuscular respiratory failure may develop rapidly and prolonged ventilatory support may be required.