Brain Stem Gliomas epidemiology and demographics

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]

Overview

CNS tumors vary in incidence by age, sex, ethnic group, and country, and also over time. How much of this variation is due to artifactual influences or etiologic differences has been the subject of many debates.

Epidemiology and Demographics

Frequency

In the US, brainstem gliomas have been reported to make up 2.4% of all intracranial tumors in adults and 9.4% of intracranial tumors in children. Brainstem gliomas account for approximately 10-20% of all childhood brain tumors. The incidence in adults is lower than that in children younger than 16 years. A tendency for brainstem gliomas to follow a more indolent course in adults than in children has been noted; in adults, these tumors are more likely to be low grade and remain localized.

Sex

Some reports have suggested a slight male preponderance, whereas others have failed to observe any sex predilection.

Age

Bimodal age distribution has been noted, with a peak incidence in the latter half of the first decade of life and a second peak in the fourth decade. Approximately three fourths of patients are younger than 20 years. Neoplasms of the brain stem have been identified in children younger than 1 year.