Nasopharyngeal carcinoma overview: Difference between revisions
| Line 19: | Line 19: | ||
==Differentiating Nasopharyngeal carcinoma from other Diseases== | ==Differentiating Nasopharyngeal carcinoma from other Diseases== | ||
[[Nasopharyngeal carcinoma]] must be differentiated from normal adenoidal tissue, nasopharyngeal lymphoma and [[chordoma]].<ref>http://radiopaedia.org/articles/nasopharyngeal-carcinoma</ref> | |||
==Epidemiology and Demographics== | ==Epidemiology and Demographics== | ||
The [[prevalence]] of nasopharyngeal carcinoma is approximately 1 per 100,000 individuals in the USA. Patients of all age groups may develop nasopharyngeal carcinoma. | The [[prevalence]] of nasopharyngeal carcinoma is approximately 1 per 100,000 individuals in the USA. Patients of all age groups may develop nasopharyngeal carcinoma. | ||
Revision as of 17:59, 16 September 2015
|
Nasopharyngeal carcinoma Microchapters |
|
Differentiating Nasopharyngeal carcinoma from other Diseases |
|---|
|
Diagnosis |
|
Treatment |
|
Case Studies |
|
Nasopharyngeal carcinoma overview On the Web |
|
American Roentgen Ray Society Images of Nasopharyngeal carcinoma overview |
|
Risk calculators and risk factors for Nasopharyngeal carcinoma overview |
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Faizan Sheraz, M.D. [2]
Overview
Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is a cancer originating in the nasopharynx, the uppermost region of the pharynx or "throat", where the nasal passages and auditory tubes join the remainder of the upper respiratory tract. NPC differs significantly from other cancers of the head and neck in its occurrence, causes, clinical behavior, and treatment. It is vastly more common in certain regions of East Asia and Africa than elsewhere, with viral, dietary, and genetic factors implicated in its causation.
Historical Perspective
Classification
Nasopharyngeal carcinoma may be classified according to microscopic features into 3 subtypes: well-differentiated, moderately-differentiated, and undifferentiated type.
Pathophysiology
On microscopic histopathological analysis, abundant dense eosinophilic cytoplasm and prominent lymphoid component are characteristic findings of nasopharyngeal carcinoma.
Causes
Common causes of nasopharyngeal carcinoma include Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection and nitrosamines consumption in diet.
Differentiating Nasopharyngeal carcinoma from other Diseases
Nasopharyngeal carcinoma must be differentiated from normal adenoidal tissue, nasopharyngeal lymphoma and chordoma.[1]
Epidemiology and Demographics
The prevalence of nasopharyngeal carcinoma is approximately 1 per 100,000 individuals in the USA. Patients of all age groups may develop nasopharyngeal carcinoma.
Risk Factors
Common risk factors in the development of nasopharyngeal carcinoma are Chinese (or Asian) ancestry, Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) exposure and heavy alcohol intake.
Screening
According to the America Cancer Society, screening for nasopharyngeal carcinoma is not recommended.[2]
Natural History, Complications and Prognosis
The common complications of nasopharyngeal carcinoma include airway obstruction, dysphagia and disfigurement of the neck or face.
History and Symptoms
Symptoms of nasopharyngeal carcinoma include swelling in the neck, cough, sore throat and unintentional weight loss.[3]
Physical Examination
Patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma usually appear normal. Physical examination of patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma is usually remarkable for neck swelling, hearing loss and nasal obstruction.
Laboratory Findings
CT
MRI
Medical Therapy
Surgery
References
- ↑ http://radiopaedia.org/articles/nasopharyngeal-carcinoma
- ↑ Can nasopharyngeal cancer be found early? American Cancer Society (2015) http://www.cancer.org/cancer/nasopharyngealcancer/detailedguide/nasopharyngeal-cancer-detection Accessed on September, 16 2015
- ↑ Richard Cote, Saul Suster, Lawrence Weiss, Noel Weidner (Editor). Modern Surgical Pathology (2 Volume Set). London: W B Saunders. ISBN 0-7216-7253-1.