Nasopharyngeal carcinoma pathophysiology: Difference between revisions
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==Overview== | ==Overview== | ||
On [[microscopic]] [[histopathological]] analysis, abundant dense [[eosinophilic]] cytoplasm and prominent [[lymphoid]] component are characteristic findings of [[nasopharyngeal carcinoma]]. | On [[microscopic]] [[histopathological]] analysis, abundant dense [[eosinophilic]] cytoplasm and prominent [[lymphoid]] component are characteristic findings of [[nasopharyngeal carcinoma]]. | ||
== | ==Pathophysiology== | ||
===Genetics=== | ===Genetics=== | ||
Genes involved in pathogenesis of nasopharyngeal carcinoma include: | Genes involved in the pathogenesis of nasopharyngeal carcinoma include: | ||
*''[[MDM2]]'' | *''[[MDM2]]'' | ||
*''[[TP53]]'' | *''[[TP53]]'' | ||
| Line 21: | Line 12: | ||
*''[[TNFRSF19]]'' | *''[[TNFRSF19]]'' | ||
*''[[CDKN2A]]'' | *''[[CDKN2A]]'' | ||
*''[[CDKN2B]] | *''[[CDKN2B]]'' | ||
==Pathology== | |||
===Gross=== | ===Gross Pathology=== | ||
*Nasal cavity involvement - common in early disease<ref name=pmid22194474 >{{Cite journal | last1 = Abdel Khalek Abdel Razek | first1 = A. | last2 = King | first2 = A. | title = MRI and CT of nasopharyngeal carcinoma. | journal = AJR Am J Roentgenol | volume = 198 | issue = 1 | pages = 11-8 | month = Jan | year = 2012 | doi = 10.2214/AJR.11.6954 | PMID = 22194474 }}</ref> | *Nasal cavity involvement - common in early disease<ref name=pmid22194474 >{{Cite journal | last1 = Abdel Khalek Abdel Razek | first1 = A. | last2 = King | first2 = A. | title = MRI and CT of nasopharyngeal carcinoma. | journal = AJR Am J Roentgenol | volume = 198 | issue = 1 | pages = 11-8 | month = Jan | year = 2012 | doi = 10.2214/AJR.11.6954 | PMID = 22194474 }}</ref> | ||
===Microscopic=== | ===Microscopic Pathology=== | ||
Features:<ref name= Librepathology>Nasopharyngeal carcinoma http://librepathology.org/wiki/index.php/Nasopharyngeal_carcinoma</ref> | Features:<ref name= Librepathology>Nasopharyngeal carcinoma http://librepathology.org/wiki/index.php/Nasopharyngeal_carcinoma</ref> | ||
*Prominent lymphoid component - '''key feature''' | *Prominent lymphoid component - '''key feature''' | ||
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***Abundant dense eosinophilic cytoplasm | ***Abundant dense eosinophilic cytoplasm | ||
***Central nuclei +/- small/indistinct nucleoli | ***Central nuclei +/- small/indistinct nucleoli | ||
[[Image:Lymphoepithelioma_met_to_LN_6.jpg |thumb|none|250px| Nasopharyngeal carcinoma]] | [[Image:Lymphoepithelioma_met_to_LN_6.jpg |thumb|none|250px| Nasopharyngeal carcinoma]]<br> | ||
[[Nasopharyngeal carcinoma]] may be classified according to [[microscopic]] features into 3 subtypes:<ref name="Weidner's">{{cite book |author=Richard Cote, Saul Suster, Lawrence Weiss, Noel Weidner (Editor) |title=Modern Surgical Pathology (2 Volume Set) |publisher=W B Saunders |location=London |year= |pages= |isbn=0-7216-7253-1 |oclc= |doi=}}</ref> | |||
*Well-differentiated ([[keratin]]izing type) | |||
*Moderately-differentiated (nonkeratinizing type) | |||
*Undifferentiated (most strongly associated with [[Epstein-Barr virus]] infection) | |||
<gallery>Image:Lymphoepithelioma met to LN 4.jpg|Undifferentiated nasopharyngeal carcinoma - low power | |||
Image:Lymphoepithelioma met to LN 1.jpg|Undifferentiated nasopharyngeal carcinoma - med. power | |||
Image:Lymphoepithelioma met to LN 2.jpg|Undifferentiated nasopharyngeal carcinoma - high power | |||
</gallery> | |||
===Immunohistochemistry=== | ===Immunohistochemistry=== | ||
Revision as of 13:59, 28 September 2015
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Nasopharyngeal carcinoma Microchapters |
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Differentiating Nasopharyngeal carcinoma from other Diseases |
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Diagnosis |
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Treatment |
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Case Studies |
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Nasopharyngeal carcinoma pathophysiology On the Web |
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American Roentgen Ray Society Images of Nasopharyngeal carcinoma pathophysiology |
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Risk calculators and risk factors for Nasopharyngeal carcinoma pathophysiology |
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Faizan Sheraz, M.D. [2]
Overview
On microscopic histopathological analysis, abundant dense eosinophilic cytoplasm and prominent lymphoid component are characteristic findings of nasopharyngeal carcinoma.
Pathophysiology
Genetics
Genes involved in the pathogenesis of nasopharyngeal carcinoma include:
Pathology
Gross Pathology
- Nasal cavity involvement - common in early disease[1]
Microscopic Pathology
Features:[2]
- Prominent lymphoid component - key feature
- Features of squamous cell carcinoma:
- Cohesive cells with:
- Abundant dense eosinophilic cytoplasm
- Central nuclei +/- small/indistinct nucleoli
- Cohesive cells with:
Nasopharyngeal carcinoma may be classified according to microscopic features into 3 subtypes:[3]
- Well-differentiated (keratinizing type)
- Moderately-differentiated (nonkeratinizing type)
- Undifferentiated (most strongly associated with Epstein-Barr virus infection)
-
Undifferentiated nasopharyngeal carcinoma - low power -
Undifferentiated nasopharyngeal carcinoma - med. power -
Undifferentiated nasopharyngeal carcinoma - high power
Immunohistochemistry
Immunohistochemistry stains for nasopharyngeal carcinoma include:
- EBER positive
- p16 negative[4]
References
- ↑ Abdel Khalek Abdel Razek, A.; King, A. (2012). "MRI and CT of nasopharyngeal carcinoma". AJR Am J Roentgenol. 198 (1): 11–8. doi:10.2214/AJR.11.6954. PMID 22194474. Unknown parameter
|month=ignored (help) - ↑ Nasopharyngeal carcinoma http://librepathology.org/wiki/index.php/Nasopharyngeal_carcinoma
- ↑ Richard Cote, Saul Suster, Lawrence Weiss, Noel Weidner (Editor). Modern Surgical Pathology (2 Volume Set). London: W B Saunders. ISBN 0-7216-7253-1.
- ↑ Gulley ML, Nicholls JM, Schneider BG, Amin MB, Ro JY, Geradts J (1998). "Nasopharyngeal carcinomas frequently lack the p16/MTS1 tumor suppressor protein but consistently express the retinoblastoma gene product". Am. J. Pathol. 152 (4): 865–9. PMC 1858242. PMID 9546345. Unknown parameter
|month=ignored (help)