Salivary gland tumor fine-needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB): Difference between revisions
No edit summary |
Simrat Sarai (talk | contribs) No edit summary |
||
| Line 1: | Line 1: | ||
__NOTOC__ | __NOTOC__ | ||
{{Salivary gland tumor}} | {{Salivary gland tumor}} | ||
{{CMG}}{{AE}}{{Simrat}} | |||
==Overview== | |||
==Fine-needle aspiration biopsy== | |||
In most cases, local excision with a margin of normal tissue is the appropriate form of biopsy for a major salivary gland tumor. In the parotid region, this requires identification of the facial nerve. For submandibular tumors, the entire submandibular triangle is cleared. In contrast, minor salivary gland tumors have a higher likelihood of being malignant, and an incisional biopsy is performed initially so that definitive treatment can be planned. In the parotid region, the presence of pain, recent rapid enlargement of a preexisting nodule, skin involvement, or facial nerve paralysis suggests cancer. Enlarged cervical lymph nodes in association with a salivary gland tumor are considered a manifestation of cancer until proved otherwise. Fine-needle aspiration is indicated if accurate diagnosis will allow for better treatment planning. | |||
During a biopsy, tissues or cells are removed from the body so they can be tested in a laboratory. The pathology report from the laboratory will confirm whether or not cancer cells are present in the sample. The biopsies that could be used for salivary gland cancer are: | |||
*Fine needle aspiration (FNA) | |||
**Fine needle aspiration (FNA) provides a highly accurate assessment of the cells for diagnosis. It helps to determine whether a lump is a salivary gland tumor, an infection or another type of cancer. Fine needle aspiration (FNA) biopsy: The removal of tissue or fluid using a thin needle. A pathologist views the tissue or fluid under a microscope to look for cancer cells. | |||
The only way to make a final diagnosis of salivary gland cancer is to take a sample of tissue from the area and examine it under a microscope to look for signs of cancer. The usual way to do this is by putting a thin needle into the lump to draw off some cells and fluid. To do this your specialist is likely to use an ultrasound scan to help guide the needle to the right place. They send the sample to the lab where a pathologist examines it to see if it is cancer. This test is called fine needle aspiration cytology (FNA or FNAC). If the results are not clear your doctor may need to repeat this test. | |||
Ultrasound-guided needle biopsy. During this type of biopsy, the doctor uses the images produced by an ultrasound to guide a needle into the tumor. An ultrasound uses sound waves to create a picture of the internal organs. A pathologist then analyzes the sample(s). | |||
*Incisional biopsy | |||
**A small piece of the lump is removed and looked at under a microscope to see if cancer cells are present. It may be done if the FNA does not provide enough tissue for diagnosis, but is not done very often. If doctors cannot confirm the diagnosis of a salivary gland tumour even after imaging tests or FNA, surgery is done and the tumour is tested for cancer cells after it is surgically removed. | |||
A tissue diagnosis is required to establish a definitive diagnosis of a salivary gland tumor and to plan therapy. If anatomically feasible, a preoperative biopsy (either fine needle aspiration cytology or ultrasound guided core needle) can be performed to avoid operating on a nonsurgically-managed disease process and to aid in surgical planning. However, a preoperative histologic diagnosis is not always possible | |||
Biopsy. A biopsy is the removal of a small amount of tissue for examination under a microscope. Other tests can suggest that cancer is present, but only a biopsy can make a definite diagnosis. A pathologist then analyzes the sample(s). A pathologist is a doctor who specializes in interpreting laboratory tests and evaluating cells, tissues, and organs to diagnose disease. | |||
==References== | ==References== | ||
Revision as of 21:22, 9 November 2015
|
Salivary gland tumor Microchapters |
|
Diagnosis |
|---|
|
Treatment |
|
Case Studies |
|
Salivary gland tumor fine-needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) On the Web |
|
American Roentgen Ray Society Images of Salivary gland tumor fine-needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) |
|
FDA on Salivary gland tumor fine-needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) |
|
CDC on Salivary gland tumor fine-needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) |
|
Salivary gland tumor fine-needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) in the news |
|
Blogs on Salivary gland tumor fine-needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) |
|
Risk calculators and risk factors for Salivary gland tumor fine-needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) |
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Simrat Sarai, M.D. [2]
Overview
Fine-needle aspiration biopsy
In most cases, local excision with a margin of normal tissue is the appropriate form of biopsy for a major salivary gland tumor. In the parotid region, this requires identification of the facial nerve. For submandibular tumors, the entire submandibular triangle is cleared. In contrast, minor salivary gland tumors have a higher likelihood of being malignant, and an incisional biopsy is performed initially so that definitive treatment can be planned. In the parotid region, the presence of pain, recent rapid enlargement of a preexisting nodule, skin involvement, or facial nerve paralysis suggests cancer. Enlarged cervical lymph nodes in association with a salivary gland tumor are considered a manifestation of cancer until proved otherwise. Fine-needle aspiration is indicated if accurate diagnosis will allow for better treatment planning. During a biopsy, tissues or cells are removed from the body so they can be tested in a laboratory. The pathology report from the laboratory will confirm whether or not cancer cells are present in the sample. The biopsies that could be used for salivary gland cancer are:
- Fine needle aspiration (FNA)
- Fine needle aspiration (FNA) provides a highly accurate assessment of the cells for diagnosis. It helps to determine whether a lump is a salivary gland tumor, an infection or another type of cancer. Fine needle aspiration (FNA) biopsy: The removal of tissue or fluid using a thin needle. A pathologist views the tissue or fluid under a microscope to look for cancer cells.
The only way to make a final diagnosis of salivary gland cancer is to take a sample of tissue from the area and examine it under a microscope to look for signs of cancer. The usual way to do this is by putting a thin needle into the lump to draw off some cells and fluid. To do this your specialist is likely to use an ultrasound scan to help guide the needle to the right place. They send the sample to the lab where a pathologist examines it to see if it is cancer. This test is called fine needle aspiration cytology (FNA or FNAC). If the results are not clear your doctor may need to repeat this test. Ultrasound-guided needle biopsy. During this type of biopsy, the doctor uses the images produced by an ultrasound to guide a needle into the tumor. An ultrasound uses sound waves to create a picture of the internal organs. A pathologist then analyzes the sample(s).
- Incisional biopsy
- A small piece of the lump is removed and looked at under a microscope to see if cancer cells are present. It may be done if the FNA does not provide enough tissue for diagnosis, but is not done very often. If doctors cannot confirm the diagnosis of a salivary gland tumour even after imaging tests or FNA, surgery is done and the tumour is tested for cancer cells after it is surgically removed.
A tissue diagnosis is required to establish a definitive diagnosis of a salivary gland tumor and to plan therapy. If anatomically feasible, a preoperative biopsy (either fine needle aspiration cytology or ultrasound guided core needle) can be performed to avoid operating on a nonsurgically-managed disease process and to aid in surgical planning. However, a preoperative histologic diagnosis is not always possible
Biopsy. A biopsy is the removal of a small amount of tissue for examination under a microscope. Other tests can suggest that cancer is present, but only a biopsy can make a definite diagnosis. A pathologist then analyzes the sample(s). A pathologist is a doctor who specializes in interpreting laboratory tests and evaluating cells, tissues, and organs to diagnose disease.