Scrotal mass causes: Difference between revisions

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===Causes by anatomic Origin===
===Causes by anatomic Origin===
{| class="wikitable"
{|style="border: 0px; font-size: 90%; margin: 3px; width: 1000px" align=center valign=top
! Anatomical Origin
!style="padding: 0 5px; background: #DCDCDC" colspan=5 | {{fontcolor|#000|Scrotal Mass<br><small> Adapted from American Academy of Family Physicians<ref name=causescrotalmass1>Scrotal mass. American Academy of Family Physicians 2016. http://www.aafp.org/afp/2008/1115/p1165.html. Accessed on March 18, 2016</ref></small>}}
! Lesion/Condition
|-
! Onset/Progression
! style="padding: 0 5px; background: #4479BA" | {{fontcolor|#FFF|Anatomical Origin}}
! Pain/Tenderness
! style="padding: 0 5px; background: #4479BA" | {{fontcolor|#FFF|Lesion/Condition}}
! Aggravating/Alleviating Factors, Associated Symptoms
! style="padding: 0 5px; background: #4479BA" | {{fontcolor|#FFF|Onset/Progression}}
! style="padding: 0 5px; background: #4479BA" | {{fontcolor|#FFF|Pain/Tenderness}}
! style="padding: 0 5px; background: #4479BA" | {{fontcolor|#FFF|Aggravating/Alleviating Factors, Associated Symptoms}}
|-
|-
| rowspan="2" | [[Skin]]
| rowspan="2" style="padding: 0 5px; background: #F5F5F5" |[[Skin]]
| '''[[Sebaceous cyst]]'''
| style="padding: 0 5px; background: #F5F5F5" | '''[[Sebaceous cyst]]'''
| Acute/chronic, stable
| style="padding: 0 5px; background: #F5F5F5" | Acute/chronic, stable
| No
| style="padding: 0 5px; background: #F5F5F5" | No
| ---
| style="padding: 0 5px; background: #F5F5F5" | ---
|-
|-
| '''[[Squamous cell carcinoma]]'''
| style="padding: 0 5px; background: #F5F5F5" | '''[[Squamous cell carcinoma]]'''
| Chronic, progressive
| style="padding: 0 5px; background: #F5F5F5" | Chronic, progressive
| No
| style="padding: 0 5px; background: #F5F5F5" | No
| ---
| style="padding: 0 5px; background: #F5F5F5" | ---
|-
|-
| rowspan="2" | [[Tunica vaginalis testis]]
| rowspan="2" style="padding: 0 5px; background: #F5F5F5" | [[Tunica vaginalis testis]]
| '''[[Hydrocele]]'''
| style="padding: 0 5px; background: #F5F5F5" | '''[[Hydrocele]]'''
| Acute/chronic, stable
| style="padding: 0 5px; background: #F5F5F5" | Acute/chronic, stable
| No
| style="padding: 0 5px; background: #F5F5F5" | No
| Positive '''transillumination'''
| style="padding: 0 5px; background: #F5F5F5" | Positive '''transillumination'''
|-
|-
| '''[[Hematocele]]'''
| style="padding: 0 5px; background: #F5F5F5" | '''[[Hematocele]]'''
| Acute, caused by trauma
| style="padding: 0 5px; background: #F5F5F5" | Acute, caused by trauma
| Yes
| style="padding: 0 5px; background: #F5F5F5" | Yes
| Negative transillumination
| style="padding: 0 5px; background: #F5F5F5" | Negative transillumination
|-
|-
| rowspan="2" | [[appendix testis|Processus vaginalis testis]]
| rowspan="2" style="padding: 0 5px; background: #F5F5F5" | [[appendix testis|Processus vaginalis testis]]
| '''[[Indirect inguinal hernia]]'''
| style="padding: 0 5px; background: #F5F5F5" | '''[[Indirect inguinal hernia]]'''
| Acute/chronic, stable or progressive
| style="padding: 0 5px; background: #F5F5F5" | Acute/chronic, stable or progressive
| No; yes, if strangulated
| style="padding: 0 5px; background: #F5F5F5" | No; yes, if strangulated
| May enlarge with Valsalva-type maneuvers; size may fluctuate
| style="padding: 0 5px; background: #F5F5F5" | May enlarge with Valsalva-type maneuvers; size may fluctuate
|-
|-
| '''[[Hydrocele]]'''
| style="padding: 0 5px; background: #F5F5F5" | '''[[Hydrocele]]'''
| Chronic, stable
| style="padding: 0 5px; background: #F5F5F5" | Chronic, stable
| No
| style="padding: 0 5px; background: #F5F5F5" | No
| ---
| style="padding: 0 5px; background: #F5F5F5" | ---
|-
|-
| [[Pampiniform plexus]]
| style="padding: 0 5px; background: #F5F5F5" | [[Pampiniform plexus]]
| '''[[Varicocele]]'''
| style="padding: 0 5px; background: #F5F5F5" | '''[[Varicocele]]'''
| Chronic, stable
| style="padding: 0 5px; background: #F5F5F5" | Chronic, stable
| No
| style="padding: 0 5px; background: #F5F5F5" | No
| Characteristic "bag of worms" consistency
| style="padding: 0 5px; background: #F5F5F5" | Characteristic "bag of worms" consistency
|-
|-
| rowspan="2" | [[Epididymis]]
| rowspan="2" style="padding: 0 5px; background: #F5F5F5" | [[Epididymis]]
| '''[[Epididymitis]]'''
| style="padding: 0 5px; background: #F5F5F5" | '''[[Epididymitis]]'''
| Acute, progressive
| style="padding: 0 5px; background: #F5F5F5" | Acute, progressive
| Yes
| style="padding: 0 5px; background: #F5F5F5" | Yes
| May have symptoms of urinary tract infection (fever, chills, dysuria, frequency, and urgency)
| style="padding: 0 5px; background: #F5F5F5" | May have symptoms of urinary tract infection (fever, chills, dysuria, frequency, and urgency)
|-
|-
| '''[[Spermatocele]]'''
| style="padding: 0 5px; background: #F5F5F5" | '''[[Spermatocele]]'''
| Chronic, stable
| style="padding: 0 5px; background: #F5F5F5" | Chronic, stable
| No
| style="padding: 0 5px; background: #F5F5F5" | No
| ---
| style="padding: 0 5px; background: #F5F5F5" | ---
|-
|-
| rowspan="4" | [[Testis]]
| rowspan="4" style="padding: 0 5px; background: #F5F5F5" | [[Testis]]
| '''[[Testicular torsion]]'''
| style="padding: 0 5px; background: #F5F5F5" | '''[[Testicular torsion]]'''
| Acute, progressive
| style="padding: 0 5px; background: #F5F5F5" | Acute, progressive
| Yes
| style="padding: 0 5px; background: #F5F5F5" | Yes
| Elevation of testis may '''aggravate''' pain; abnormal testicular lie; cremasteric reflex usually '''absent'''
| style="padding: 0 5px; background: #F5F5F5" | Elevation of testis may '''aggravate''' pain; abnormal testicular lie; cremasteric reflex usually '''absent'''
|-
|-
| '''[[appendix testis|Appendix testis torsion]]'''
| style="padding: 0 5px; background: #F5F5F5" | '''[[appendix testis|Appendix testis torsion]]'''
| Acute, stable
| style="padding: 0 5px; background: #F5F5F5" | Acute, stable
| Yes
| style="padding: 0 5px; background: #F5F5F5" | Yes
| Blue dot sign
| style="padding: 0 5px; background: #F5F5F5" | Blue dot sign
|-
|-
| '''[[Orchitis]]'''
| style="padding: 0 5px; background: #F5F5F5" | '''[[Orchitis]]'''
| Acute, self-limited
| style="padding: 0 5px; background: #F5F5F5" | Acute, self-limited
| Yes
| style="padding: 0 5px; background: #F5F5F5" | Yes
| Elevation of testis may '''relieve''' pain, may have systemic symptoms of viral illness
| style="padding: 0 5px; background: #F5F5F5" | Elevation of testis may '''relieve''' pain, may have systemic symptoms of viral illness
|-
|-
| '''[[Testicular cancer]]'''
| style="padding: 0 5px; background: #F5F5F5" | '''[[Testicular cancer]]'''
| Chronic, progressive
| style="padding: 0 5px; background: #F5F5F5" | Chronic, progressive
| No
| style="padding: 0 5px; background: #F5F5F5" | No
| ---
| style="padding: 0 5px; background: #F5F5F5" | ---
|}
|}


Revision as of 15:24, 18 March 2016

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Shanshan Cen, M.D. [2], Sujit Routray, M.D. [3]

Overview

Scrotal mass may be caused by tumor, infection, injury, inflammation, or fluid buildup, which can cause different types of masses.[1]

Causes

Common Causes

Scrotal mass may be caused by tumor, infection, injury, inflammation, or fluid buildup, which can cause different types of masses.[1]

Causes by anatomic Origin

Scrotal Mass
Adapted from American Academy of Family Physicians[2]
Anatomical Origin Lesion/Condition Onset/Progression Pain/Tenderness Aggravating/Alleviating Factors, Associated Symptoms
Skin Sebaceous cyst Acute/chronic, stable No ---
Squamous cell carcinoma Chronic, progressive No ---
Tunica vaginalis testis Hydrocele Acute/chronic, stable No Positive transillumination
Hematocele Acute, caused by trauma Yes Negative transillumination
Processus vaginalis testis Indirect inguinal hernia Acute/chronic, stable or progressive No; yes, if strangulated May enlarge with Valsalva-type maneuvers; size may fluctuate
Hydrocele Chronic, stable No ---
Pampiniform plexus Varicocele Chronic, stable No Characteristic "bag of worms" consistency
Epididymis Epididymitis Acute, progressive Yes May have symptoms of urinary tract infection (fever, chills, dysuria, frequency, and urgency)
Spermatocele Chronic, stable No ---
Testis Testicular torsion Acute, progressive Yes Elevation of testis may aggravate pain; abnormal testicular lie; cremasteric reflex usually absent
Appendix testis torsion Acute, stable Yes Blue dot sign
Orchitis Acute, self-limited Yes Elevation of testis may relieve pain, may have systemic symptoms of viral illness
Testicular cancer Chronic, progressive No ---

Causes by Organ System

Cardiovascular No underlying causes
Chemical / poisoning No underlying causes
Dermatologic Sebaceous cyst
Drug Side Effect No underlying causes
Ear Nose Throat No underlying causes
Endocrine No underlying causes
Environmental No underlying causes
Gastroenterologic No underlying causes
Genetic No underlying causes
Hematologic Thrombosis spermatic vein
Iatrogenic No underlying causes
Infectious Disease Mumps, Filariasis, Leprous, Orchitis, Syphilitic gumma, Tuberculosis, Amebiasis, Epididymitis, Granulomatous epididymitis, Seminal vesiculitis
Musculoskeletal / Ortho No underlying causes
Neurologic No underlying causes
Nutritional / Metabolic No underlying causes
Obstetric/Gynecologic No underlying causes
Oncologic Benign: Germ cell tumor, Teratoma, Thecoma, Sertoli-Leydig cell tumor, Fibroma, Chimney sweeps' carcinoma, Epididymis cyst, Seminal vesicle cyst, Urethral gland cyst

Malignant: Germ cell tumor, Seminoma, Embryonal carcinoma, Yolk sac tumor, Choriocarcinoma, Teratoma, Granulosa cell tumor, Sertoli-Leydig cell tumor, Adenocarcinoma, Mesothelioma, Rhabdomyosarcoma, Chimney sweeps' carcinoma, Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma

Metastatic tumors: Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma

Opthalmologic No underlying causes
Overdose / Toxicity No underlying causes
Psychiatric No underlying causes
Pulmonary No underlying causes
Renal / Electrolyte No underlying causes
Rheum / Immune / Allergy No underlying causes
Sexual No underlying causes
Trauma Testicular injury, Testicular hematoma, Spermatic cord injury, Fracture of testis
Urologic Hematocele，Hydrocele，Spermatocele, Varicocele, Testicular torsion, Epididymis torsion, Spermatic cord torsion, Inguinal hernia, Richter hernia, Femoral hernia, Incarcerated hernia, Irreducible hernia, Strangulated hernia, Testicular abscess, Scrotum abscess, Idiopathic scrotal edema, Seminal vesicle calculus
Miscellaneous No underlying causes

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 Causes of scrotal masses. The Urology Group 2016. http://urologygroup.com/conditions-we-treat/scrotal-masses/. Accessed on March 17, 2016
  2. ↑ Scrotal mass. American Academy of Family Physicians 2016. http://www.aafp.org/afp/2008/1115/p1165.html. Accessed on March 18, 2016


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