Sandbox:Otitis externa causes: Difference between revisions
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==Causes== | ==Causes== | ||
Causes of otitis externa include all sources of [[Inflammation|inflammation]] of the external [[ear canal]].<ref name="pmid19450296">{{cite journal |vauthors=Hajioff D, Mackeith S |title=Otitis externa |journal=BMJ Clin Evid |volume=2008 |issue= |pages= |year=2008 |pmid=19450296 |pmc=2907945 |doi= |url=}}</ref> | Causes of otitis externa include all infectious sources of[[Inflammation|inflammation]] of the external [[ear canal]].<ref name="pmid19450296">{{cite journal |vauthors=Hajioff D, Mackeith S |title=Otitis externa |journal=BMJ Clin Evid |volume=2008 |issue= |pages= |year=2008 |pmid=19450296 |pmc=2907945 |doi= |url=}}</ref> | ||
===Bacterial=== | ===Bacterial=== | ||
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**''[[Aspergillus niger]]'' | **''[[Aspergillus niger]]'' | ||
*[[Otomycosis]]-caused otitis externa is common after prolonged antibiotic therapy.<ref name="pmid19450296">{{cite journal |vauthors=Hajioff D, Mackeith S |title=Otitis externa |journal=BMJ Clin Evid |volume=2008 |issue= |pages= |year=2008 |pmid=19450296 |pmc=2907945 |doi= |url=}}</ref> | *[[Otomycosis]]-caused otitis externa is common after prolonged antibiotic therapy.<ref name="pmid19450296">{{cite journal |vauthors=Hajioff D, Mackeith S |title=Otitis externa |journal=BMJ Clin Evid |volume=2008 |issue= |pages= |year=2008 |pmid=19450296 |pmc=2907945 |doi= |url=}}</ref> | ||
==References== | ==References== | ||
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Luke Rusowicz-Orazem, B.S.
Overview
Causes
Causes of otitis externa include all infectious sources ofinflammation of the external ear canal.[1]
Bacterial
- The primary bacterial infectious causes of otitis externa are the following:[2]
- Additional bacterial causes include the following:[3]
- Staphylococcus epidermidis
- Microbacterium otitidis
- Microbacterium alconae
- Staphylococcus caprae
- Staphylococcus auricularis
- Enterococcus faecalis
- Enterobacter cloacae
- Staphylococcus capitis
- Staphylococcus haemolyticus
- Infectious bacteria that thrive in water can cause otitis externa due to facilitated transport to the ear canal.[4]
Fungal
- Otomycosis can cause otitis externa, with primary infectious fungi including the following:[5]
- Otomycosis-caused otitis externa is common after prolonged antibiotic therapy.[1]
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Hajioff D, Mackeith S (2008). "Otitis externa". BMJ Clin Evid. 2008. PMC 2907945. PMID 19450296.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 Williams, K. P.; Gillespie, J. J.; Sobral, B. W. S.; Nordberg, E. K.; Snyder, E. E.; Shallom, J. M.; Dickerman, A. W. (2010). "Phylogeny of Gammaproteobacteria". Journal of Bacteriology. 192 (9): 2305–2314. doi:10.1128/JB.01480-09. ISSN 0021-9193.
- ↑ Roland PS, Stroman DW (2002). "Microbiology of acute otitis externa". Laryngoscope. 112 (7 Pt 1): 1166–77. doi:10.1097/00005537-200207000-00005. PMID 12169893.
- ↑ "Swimmer's ear : MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia".
- ↑ Rosenfeld, R; Brown, L; Cannon, C; Dolor, R; Ganiats, T; Hannley, M; Kokemueller, P; Marcy, S; Roland, P; Shiffman, R (2006). "Clinical practice guideline: Acute otitis externa". Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery. 134 (4): S4–S23. doi:10.1016/j.otohns.2006.02.014. ISSN 0194-5998.