Zika virus infection sexual transmission

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Yazan Daaboul, M.D.; Nate Michalak, B.A.; Serge Korjian M.D.; Yamuna Kondapally, M.B.B.S[2]

Prevention

The recommended length of time for safer sex practices iclude:

• Asymptomatic males:
  • Asymptomatic males returning from areas with active Zika virus transmission was extended from 8 weeks to 6 months.
• Symptomatic males:
  • The recommended length of time for safer sex practices for symptomatic males is 6 months.
• Females:
  • The recommended length of time for safer sex practices for asymptomatic and symptomatic females is 6 months.

Recommendations

WHO recommendations in regions with active Zika virus transmission include:

• The information on risks of sexual transmission of Zika virus should be provided to all people (male and female) with Zika virus infection and their sexual partners (particularly pregnant women).
• Men and women are counselled on safer sexual practices.
• Sexually active men and women are counselled regarding the contraception and to make an informed choice about when to become pregnant, in order to prevent possible adverse pregnancy and fetal outcomes.
• Women who have had unprotected sex and do not wish to become pregnant due to concerns about Zika virus infection will have access to emergency contraceptive services and counselling.
• Pregnant women should practice safer sex or abstain from sexual activity for at least the whole duration of the pregnancy.

WHO recommendations in regions with NO active Zika virus transmission:

• Men and women returning from Zika endemic areas should adopt safer sex practices or consider abstinence for at least 6 months.
• Couples or women returning from Zika endemic areas who are planning for pregnancy, are advised to wait atleast 6 months.
• Pregnant women should practice safe sex or abstain from sexual activity for at least the whole duration of the pregnancy.