Hemorrhagic stroke classification: Difference between revisions
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[[Image:Intracerebral heamorrage 2.jpg|left|thumb|170px|[[CT scan]] showing an intracerebral hemorrhage.]] | [[Image:Intracerebral heamorrage 2.jpg|left|thumb|170px|[[CT scan]] showing an intracerebral hemorrhage.]] | ||
{{main|Intracranial hemorrhage|intracerebral hemorrhage}} | {{main|Intracranial hemorrhage|intracerebral hemorrhage}} | ||
Based on location of the hemorrhage, hemorrhagic stroke may be classified into: | |||
*[[Intracerebral hemorrhage]] (ICH) | |||
*[[Subarachnoid hemorrhage]] | |||
Intracranial hemorrhage is the accumulation of blood anywhere within the skull vault. A distinction is made between [[intra-axial hemorrhage]] (blood inside the brain) and [[extra-axial hemorrhage]] (blood inside the skull but outside the brain). | Intracranial hemorrhage is the accumulation of blood anywhere within the skull vault. A distinction is made between [[intra-axial hemorrhage]] (blood inside the brain) and [[extra-axial hemorrhage]] (blood inside the skull but outside the brain). | ||
Revision as of 14:25, 2 November 2016
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Hemorrhagic stroke Microchapters |
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Diagnosis |
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Treatment |
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AHA/ASA Guidelines for the Management of Spontaneous Intracerebral Hemorrhage (2015) |
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AHA/ASA Guidelines for the Management of Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage (2012) |
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AHA/ASA Guideline Recommendation for the Primary Prevention of Stroke (2014) |
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AHA/ASA Guideline Recommendations for Prevention of Stroke in Women (2014) Sex-Specific Risk Factors
Risk Factors Commoner in Women |
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Case Studies |
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Hemorrhagic stroke classification On the Web |
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American Roentgen Ray Society Images of Hemorrhagic stroke classification |
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Risk calculators and risk factors for Hemorrhagic stroke classification |
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]
Overview
Classification
Based on location of the hemorrhage, hemorrhagic stroke may be classified into:
Intracranial hemorrhage is the accumulation of blood anywhere within the skull vault. A distinction is made between intra-axial hemorrhage (blood inside the brain) and extra-axial hemorrhage (blood inside the skull but outside the brain).
Intra-axial hemorrhage is due to intraparenchymal hemorrhage or intraventricular hemorrhage (blood in the ventricular system).
The main types of extra-axial hemorrhage are epidural hematoma (bleeding between the dura mater and the skull), subdural hematoma (in the subdural space) and subarachnoid hemorrhage (between the arachnoid mater and pia mater). Most of the hemorrhagic stroke syndromes have specific symptoms (e.g. headache, previous head injury).
Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is bleeding directly into the brain tissue, forming a gradually enlarging hematoma (pooling of blood). It generally occurs in small arteries or arterioles and is commonly due to hypertension, trauma, bleeding disorders, amyloid angiopathy, illicit drug use (e.g. amphetamines or cocaine), and vascular malformations.
The hematoma enlarges until pressure from surrounding tissue limits its growth, or until it decompresses by emptying into the ventricular system, CSF or the pial surface.
A third of intracerebral bleed is into the brain's ventricles. ICH has a mortality rate of 44 percent after 30 days, higher than ischemic stroke or even the very deadly subarachnoid hemorrhage.