Hemorrhagic stroke causes

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AHA/ASA Guidelines for the Management of Spontaneous Intracerebral Hemorrhage (2015) Management of ICH
AHA/ASA Guidelines for the Management of Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage (2012) Management of aSAH
AHA/ASA Guideline Recommendation for the Primary Prevention of Stroke (2014) Primary Prevention of Stroke
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]

Causes

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Stroke

Types

Ischemic stoke (85%)

Hemorrhagic stroke (15%)

Aneurysmal SAH

Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH)

E04

F01

F02

F03

Intracerebral hemorrhage

Common causes of intracerebral hemorrhage include:

• After cerebral infarction
• Aneurysm
• Vascular malformations
• Drugs (cocaine, amphetamines)
• Hypertension
• Perinatal hemorrhage
• Trauma
• Vasculitis
• Cerebral amyloid angiopathy
• Bleeding disorders
  • Liver disease
  • Anticoagulant medication
  • Thrombolytic therapy
• Brain tumor
• Central nervous system (CNS) infection
  • Encephalitis
  • Herpes simplex

Subarachnoid hemorrhage

Common causes of subarachnoid hemorrhage include:

• Arteriovenous malformation
• Brain tumor
• Drugs- Pergolide, Sumatriptan
• Fibromuscular dysplasia (FMD)
• Hemorrhagic diathesis
• Infections
• Leukemia
• Mycotic aneurysm
• Other aneurysms
• Connective tissue diseases
• Polycystic kidney disease
• Ruptured intracerebral aneurysm

Common locations based on casualty

Cause	Common Location
Hypertensive hemorrhage	Putamen Globus pallidus Thalamus Cerebellar ­hemisphere Pons
Arteriovenous malformation (AVM)	Lobar Intraventricular Subarachnoid
Transformation of prior ischemic infarction	Basal ganglion Subcortical regions Lobar
Aneurysm	Subarachnoid Intraparenchymal
Drug	Any Lobar Subarachnoid
Coagulopathy	Any
Metastatic brain tumor	Lobar
Amyloid angiopathy	Lobar
Cavernous angioma	Intraparenchymal
Head trauma	Intraparenchymal Frontal lobes, anterior temporal lobes, subarachnoid, extra-axial (subdural, epidural)
Capillary telangiectasias	Brainstem
Dural arteriovenous fistula	Lobar Subarachnoid

References

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