Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis risk factors: Difference between revisions
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==Overview== | ==Overview== | ||
Common risk factors in the development of spontaneous bacterial peritonitis include [[liver cirrhosis]] | Common risk factors in the development of spontaneous bacterial peritonitis include | ||
*[[liver cirrhosis]] | |||
* [[renal failure]] | |||
* Low protein levels in the ascitic fluid | |||
* Low complement concentration ([[C3 (complement)|complement 3]]) in ascitic fluid | |||
* [[urinary tract infection]]s, and | |||
* Intestinal [[bacterial overgrowth]]. | |||
==Risk Factors== | ==Risk Factors== | ||
Revision as of 20:43, 16 January 2017
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] ; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Aditya Govindavarjhulla, M.B.B.S. [2]
Overview
Common risk factors in the development of spontaneous bacterial peritonitis include
- liver cirrhosis
- renal failure
- Low protein levels in the ascitic fluid
- Low complement concentration (complement 3) in ascitic fluid
- urinary tract infections, and
- Intestinal bacterial overgrowth.
Risk Factors
Risk factors include:[1]
- All cirrhotic patients with ascites
- Severe liver disease (Cirrhosis)
- Additional factors which can further increase susceptibility include:
- Low protein level in ascitic fluid [2]
- Upper GI bleeding poses a risk of bacteremia and SBP in a cirrhotic patient with rates of infection ranging from 17 to 21%
- Ischemia- reperfusion of the gut during variceal hemorrhage has also been proposed to interfere with the normal function of the reticuloendothelial system and to increase permeability of the intestinal mucosa.
- Survivors of a prior episode of SBP are at an increased risk of recurrence with a one-year probability of almost 70%.
- Minimally invasive procedures such as intravenous and urinary bladder catheterization likely predisposes to bacteremia and SBP in the cirrhotics.
- Low complement concentration (complement 3) in ascitic fluid [2]
- Renal failure
- Urinary tract infections
- Intestinal bacterial overgrowth [3]
References
- ↑ Sheer TA, Runyon BA (2005). "Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis". Dig Dis. 23 (1): 39–46. doi:10.1159/000084724. PMID 15920324.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 Mustafa MG, Al Mamun MA, Alam AK (2009). "Study on ascitic fluid protein level in cirrhotic patients with spontaneous bacterial peritonitis". Bangladesh Med Res Counc Bull. 35 (2): 41–3. PMID 20120777. Unknown parameter
|month=ignored (help) - ↑ van Erpecum KJ (2006). "Ascites and spontaneous bacterial peritonitis in patients with liver cirrhosis". Scand. J. Gastroenterol. Suppl. (243): 79–84. doi:10.1080/00365520600664342. PMID 16782626.