Congenital rubella syndrome echocardiography or ultrasound: Difference between revisions
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==Ultrasound== | ==Ultrasound== | ||
Not all [[fetuses]] infected with [[rubella virus]] in the [[Prenatal|prenatal period]] show visible signs on [[ultrasound]] consistent with congenital rubella syndrome. However, positive findings on ultrasound provide certainty to the diagnosis, with specificity of [[prenatal]] [[ultrasound]] reaching ~100%.<ref name="pmid22036752">{{cite journal |vauthors=Migliucci A, Di Fraja D, Sarno L, Acampora E, Mazzarelli LL, Quaglia F, Mallia Milanes G, Buffolano W, Napolitano R, Simioli S, Maruotti GM, Martinelli P |title=Prenatal diagnosis of congenital rubella infection and ultrasonography: a preliminary study |journal=Minerva Ginecol |volume=63 |issue=6 |pages=485–9 |year=2011 |pmid=22036752 |doi= |url=}}</ref> Such findings include:<ref name="pmid16580940">{{cite journal |vauthors=De Santis M, Cavaliere AF, Straface G, Caruso A |title=Rubella infection in pregnancy |journal=Reprod. Toxicol. |volume=21 |issue=4 |pages=390–8 |year=2006 |pmid=16580940 |doi=10.1016/j.reprotox.2005.01.014 |url=}}</ref> | Not all [[fetuses]] infected with [[rubella virus]] in the [[Prenatal|prenatal period]] show visible signs on [[ultrasound]] consistent with congenital rubella syndrome. However, positive findings on ultrasound provide certainty to the diagnosis, with specificity of [[prenatal]] [[ultrasound]] reaching ~100%.<ref name="pmid22036752">{{cite journal |vauthors=Migliucci A, Di Fraja D, Sarno L, Acampora E, Mazzarelli LL, Quaglia F, Mallia Milanes G, Buffolano W, Napolitano R, Simioli S, Maruotti GM, Martinelli P |title=Prenatal diagnosis of congenital rubella infection and ultrasonography: a preliminary study |journal=Minerva Ginecol |volume=63 |issue=6 |pages=485–9 |year=2011 |pmid=22036752 |doi= |url=}}</ref> Such findings include:<ref name="pmid16580940">{{cite journal |vauthors=De Santis M, Cavaliere AF, Straface G, Caruso A |title=Rubella infection in pregnancy |journal=Reprod. Toxicol. |volume=21 |issue=4 |pages=390–8 |year=2006 |pmid=16580940 |doi=10.1016/j.reprotox.2005.01.014 |url=}}</ref> | ||
* [[Fetal hydrops]] | *[[Cardiac]] defects | ||
*[[Ophthalmic]] defects | |||
*[[Microcephaly]] | |||
*[[Hepatosplenomegaly]] | |||
*[[Fetal hydrops]] | |||
* [[Bowel]] hyperechogenicity | * [[Bowel]] hyperechogenicity | ||
* [[Intrauterine growth retardation|Intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR)]] | * [[Intrauterine growth retardation|Intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR)]] | ||
Revision as of 17:04, 17 January 2017
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Congenital Rubella Syndrome Microchapters |
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Differentiating Congenital Rubella Syndrome from other Diseases |
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Dima Nimri, M.D. [2]
Overview
Echocardiography
The several cardiac anomalies, which are associated with congenital rubella syndrome can be seen on echocardiography. These include:[1][2]
- Patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) (most common)
- Pulmonary artery stenosis
- Coaractation of the aorta
- Ventricular septal defect (VSD)
Ultrasound
Not all fetuses infected with rubella virus in the prenatal period show visible signs on ultrasound consistent with congenital rubella syndrome. However, positive findings on ultrasound provide certainty to the diagnosis, with specificity of prenatal ultrasound reaching ~100%.[3] Such findings include:[4]
- Cardiac defects
- Ophthalmic defects
- Microcephaly
- Hepatosplenomegaly
- Fetal hydrops
- Bowel hyperechogenicity
- Intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR)
References
- ↑ Bullens D, Smets K, Vanhaesebrouck P (2000). "Congenital rubella syndrome after maternal reinfection". Clin Pediatr (Phila). 39 (2): 113–6. PMID 10696549.
- ↑ Oster ME, Riehle-Colarusso T, Correa A (2010). "An update on cardiovascular malformations in congenital rubella syndrome". Birth Defects Res. Part A Clin. Mol. Teratol. 88 (1): 1–8. doi:10.1002/bdra.20621. PMID 19697432.
- ↑ Migliucci A, Di Fraja D, Sarno L, Acampora E, Mazzarelli LL, Quaglia F, Mallia Milanes G, Buffolano W, Napolitano R, Simioli S, Maruotti GM, Martinelli P (2011). "Prenatal diagnosis of congenital rubella infection and ultrasonography: a preliminary study". Minerva Ginecol. 63 (6): 485–9. PMID 22036752.
- ↑ De Santis M, Cavaliere AF, Straface G, Caruso A (2006). "Rubella infection in pregnancy". Reprod. Toxicol. 21 (4): 390–8. doi:10.1016/j.reprotox.2005.01.014. PMID 16580940.