Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis history and symptoms: Difference between revisions
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==Overview== | ==Overview== | ||
* The main manifestations of peritonitis are acute abdominal [[abdominal pain|pain]], [[abdominal tenderness|tenderness]], and [[abdominal guarding|guarding]], which are exacerbated by moving the peritoneum, e.g. coughing, flexing the hips, or eliciting the [[Blumberg sign]] (a.k.a. [[rebound tenderness]], meaning that pressing a hand on the abdomen elicits pain, but releasing the hand abruptly will aggravate the pain, as the peritoneum snaps back into place) | * The main manifestations of [[peritonitis]] are acute abdominal [[abdominal pain|pain]], [[abdominal tenderness|tenderness]], and [[abdominal guarding|guarding]], which are exacerbated by moving the peritoneum, e.g. coughing, flexing the hips, or eliciting the [[Blumberg sign]] (a.k.a. [[rebound tenderness]], meaning that pressing a hand on the abdomen elicits pain, but releasing the hand abruptly will aggravate the pain, as the peritoneum snaps back into place) | ||
* Symptoms include [[fever]]s, chills, [[nausea]], [[vomiting]], [[abdominal tenderness]] and general [[malaise]]. | * Symptoms include [[fever]]s, chills, [[nausea]], [[vomiting]], [[abdominal tenderness]] and general [[malaise]]. | ||
* Patients may complain of [[abdominal pain]] and worsening [[ascites]]. | * Patients may complain of [[abdominal pain]] and worsening [[ascites]]. | ||
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* [[Fever]]<ref name="urlPeritonitis - spontaneous: MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia">{{cite web |url=http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/000648.htm |title=Peritonitis - spontaneous: MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia |format= |work= |accessdate=}}</ref> | * [[Fever]]<ref name="urlPeritonitis - spontaneous: MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia">{{cite web |url=http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/000648.htm |title=Peritonitis - spontaneous: MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia |format= |work= |accessdate=}}</ref> | ||
* Worsening of pre-existing ascites and progressive encephalopathy in a patient with cirrhotic ascites | * Worsening of pre-existing ascites and progressive [[encephalopathy]] in a patient with cirrhotic ascites | ||
* Diffuse, continuous [[Abdominal pain]] is the hallmark of peritonitis, although some may be asymptomatic. | * Diffuse, continuous [[Abdominal pain]] is the hallmark of peritonitis, although some may be asymptomatic. | ||
* Altered mental status may manifest as frank delirium, [[confusion]], or cognitive slowing. | * [[Altered mental status]] may manifest as frank [[delirium]], [[confusion]], or cognitive slowing. | ||
* [[Diarrhea]] | * [[Diarrhea]] | ||
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* [[Bloating]] | * [[Bloating]] | ||
* Anorexia | * [[Anorexia]] | ||
* Obstipation | * [[Obstipation]] | ||
* Low urine output | * Low urine output | ||
Revision as of 16:08, 23 January 2017
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Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis Microchapters |
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Differentiating Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis from other Diseases |
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Aditya Govindavarjhulla, M.B.B.S. [2] Shivani Chaparala M.B.B.S [3]
Overview
- The main manifestations of peritonitis are acute abdominal pain, tenderness, and guarding, which are exacerbated by moving the peritoneum, e.g. coughing, flexing the hips, or eliciting the Blumberg sign (a.k.a. rebound tenderness, meaning that pressing a hand on the abdomen elicits pain, but releasing the hand abruptly will aggravate the pain, as the peritoneum snaps back into place)
- Symptoms include fevers, chills, nausea, vomiting, abdominal tenderness and general malaise.
- Patients may complain of abdominal pain and worsening ascites.
- It is important to emphasize, though, that hepatic encephalopathy may be the only manifestation of SBP, especially in people with cirrhosis and ascites.
History
A directed history should be obtained to ascertain the precipitant of this condition. A detailed history has to be obtained regarding
- Previous episodes
- Associated conditions as diarrhea or other infections
- History related to liver disease, renal disease and heart disease
- Onset of symptoms and their progression
Common Symptoms
Some of the common symptoms of SBP include:[1]
- Worsening of pre-existing ascites and progressive encephalopathy in a patient with cirrhotic ascites
- Diffuse, continuous Abdominal pain is the hallmark of peritonitis, although some may be asymptomatic.
- Altered mental status may manifest as frank delirium, confusion, or cognitive slowing.
- Development of ileus paralyticus (i.e. intestinal paralysis), which also causes nausea and vomiting
Less common symptoms of SBP
- Low urine output
- Thirst
- Fatigue
- Chills
- Dizziness or weakness
- Breathlessness may be due to infection, fluid overload or underlying [[heart condition]
References
- ↑ Such J, Runyon BA (1998). "Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis". Clin Infect Dis. 27 (4): 669–74, quiz 675-6. PMID 9798013.
- ↑ "Peritonitis - spontaneous: MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia".