Amoebic liver abscess overview: Difference between revisions
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==Classification== | ==Classification== | ||
[[Liver abscess]] may be classified into 3 types based on [[etiology]] into [[pyogenic]], [[amoeba|amoebic]], and [[fungal]] [[liver abscess]].<ref name="pmid27350946">{{cite journal| author=Mavilia MG, Molina M, Wu GY| title=The Evolving Nature of Hepatic Abscess: A Review. | journal=J Clin Transl Hepatol | year= 2016 | volume= 4 | issue= 2 | pages= 158-68 | pmid=27350946 | doi=10.14218/JCTH.2016.00004 | pmc=4913073 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=27350946 }} </ref>. Based on duration of symptoms, [[amoebic liver abscess]] is classified into [[acute]] and [[chronic]]. | [[Liver abscess]] may be classified into 3 types based on [[etiology]] into [[pyogenic]], [[amoeba|amoebic]], and [[fungal]] [[liver abscess]].<ref name="pmid27350946">{{cite journal| author=Mavilia MG, Molina M, Wu GY| title=The Evolving Nature of Hepatic Abscess: A Review. | journal=J Clin Transl Hepatol | year= 2016 | volume= 4 | issue= 2 | pages= 158-68 | pmid=27350946 | doi=10.14218/JCTH.2016.00004 | pmc=4913073 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=27350946 }} </ref>. Based on duration of symptoms, [[amoebic liver abscess]] is classified into [[acute]] and [[chronic]]. | ||
==Pathophysiology== | |||
[[Ameoebic liver abscess]] is caused by a [[protozoan]] ''[[Entamoeba histolytica]]''. It is the most common [[extraintestinal]] manifestation of [[amoebiasis]]. The mode of transmission of ''[[Entamoeba histolytica]]'' include *[[fecal-oral route]] (ingestion of food and water contaminated with feces containing [[cysts]]), sexual transmission via [[oral-rectal route]] in [[homosexuals]], [[vector]] transmission via flies, cockroaches, and rodents.<ref name="pmid22763633">{{cite journal| author=Fletcher SM, Stark D, Harkness J, Ellis J| title=Enteric protozoa in the developed world: a public health perspective. | journal=Clin Microbiol Rev | year= 2012 | volume= 25 | issue= 3 | pages= 420-49 | pmid=22763633 | doi=10.1128/CMR.05038-11 | pmc=3416492 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=22763633 }} </ref><ref name="pmid12660071">{{cite journal| author=Stanley SL| title=Amoebiasis. | journal=Lancet | year= 2003 | volume= 361 | issue= 9362 | pages= 1025-34 | pmid=12660071 | doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(03)12830-9 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=12660071 }} </ref> [[Hepatocyte]] programmed cell death induced by ''[[Entamoeba histolytica]]'' causes [[amoebic liver abscess]]. The [[infection]] is transmitted to [[liver]] by [[portal venous system]].<ref name="pmid473308">{{cite journal |vauthors=Aikat BK, Bhusnurmath SR, Pal AK, Chhuttani PN, Datta DV |title=The pathology and pathogenesis of fatal hepatic amoebiasis--A study based on 79 autopsy cases |journal=Trans. R. Soc. Trop. Med. Hyg. |volume=73 |issue=2 |pages=188–92 |year=1979 |pmid=473308 |doi= |url=}}</ref> | |||
==References== | ==References== | ||
{{reflist|2}} | {{reflist|2}} | ||
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1];Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Yamuna Kondapally, M.B.B.S[2]
Synonyms and keywords: Hepatic amoebiasis; Extraintestinal amoebiasis; Abscess-amoebic liver
Overview
Amoebic liver abscess is caused by a protozoan Entamoeba histolytica. Is it an inflammatory space occupying lesion in liver.
Historical Perspective
Amoebiasis was first described as a deadly disease by Hippocrates. [1]. The first case of amoebiasis was documented in 1875.
Classification
Liver abscess may be classified into 3 types based on etiology into pyogenic, amoebic, and fungal liver abscess.[2]. Based on duration of symptoms, amoebic liver abscess is classified into acute and chronic.
Pathophysiology
Ameoebic liver abscess is caused by a protozoan Entamoeba histolytica. It is the most common extraintestinal manifestation of amoebiasis. The mode of transmission of Entamoeba histolytica include *fecal-oral route (ingestion of food and water contaminated with feces containing cysts), sexual transmission via oral-rectal route in homosexuals, vector transmission via flies, cockroaches, and rodents.[3][4] Hepatocyte programmed cell death induced by Entamoeba histolytica causes amoebic liver abscess. The infection is transmitted to liver by portal venous system.[5]
References
- ↑ Tanyuksel M, Petri WA (2003). "Laboratory diagnosis of amebiasis". Clin Microbiol Rev. 16 (4): 713–29. PMC 207118. PMID 14557296.
- ↑ Mavilia MG, Molina M, Wu GY (2016). "The Evolving Nature of Hepatic Abscess: A Review". J Clin Transl Hepatol. 4 (2): 158–68. doi:10.14218/JCTH.2016.00004. PMC 4913073. PMID 27350946.
- ↑ Fletcher SM, Stark D, Harkness J, Ellis J (2012). "Enteric protozoa in the developed world: a public health perspective". Clin Microbiol Rev. 25 (3): 420–49. doi:10.1128/CMR.05038-11. PMC 3416492. PMID 22763633.
- ↑ Stanley SL (2003). "Amoebiasis". Lancet. 361 (9362): 1025–34. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(03)12830-9. PMID 12660071.
- ↑ Aikat BK, Bhusnurmath SR, Pal AK, Chhuttani PN, Datta DV (1979). "The pathology and pathogenesis of fatal hepatic amoebiasis--A study based on 79 autopsy cases". Trans. R. Soc. Trop. Med. Hyg. 73 (2): 188–92. PMID 473308.