Cytomegalovirus infection laboratory findings: Difference between revisions

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Revision as of 15:36, 16 May 2017

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Aravind Kuchkuntla, M.B.B.S [2]

The following laboratory investigations are useful for the diagnosis of cytomegalovirus infection:

Serological tests are not useful for the diagnosis of cytomegalovirus infection, however absence of CMV IgG excludes the presence of infection.

In patients with cytomegalovirus retinitis CMV DNA is detected in the vitreous in majority of patients.
PCR for demonstration of CMV DNA is useful for the diagnosis of retinitis and neurologic disease.
PCR of blood for demonstration of viremia is not useful for diagnosis of cytomegalovirus end organ disease as a negative result is not consistent with the absence of disease.

Demonstration of characteristic intranuclear inclusion bodies in the biopsy from esophagus and colon confirms the diagnosis of esophagitis and colitis.

In patients with cytomegalovirus ventriculoencephalitis periventricular enhancement is suggestive of CMV infection.
Colonic thickening can be demonstrated in patients with cytomegalovirus colitis.

@@ Line 6: / Line 6: @@
 ==Laboratory Findings==
+The following laboratory investigations are useful for the diagnosis of cytomegalovirus infection:
+===Serological Tests===
+*[[Serological testing|Serological]] tests are not useful for the diagnosis of [[cytomegalovirus]] infection, however absence of [[CMV]] [[IgG]] excludes the presence of infection.
+===Polymerase Chain Reaction===
+*In patients with [[cytomegalovirus]] [[retinitis]] [[CMV]] [[DNA]] is detected in the vitreous in majority of patients.
+*[[PCR]] for demonstration of [[CMV]] [[DNA]] is useful for the diagnosis of [[retinitis]] and neurologic disease.
+*[[PCR]] of [[blood]] for demonstration of [[viremia]] is not useful for diagnosis of [[cytomegalovirus]] end organ disease as a negative result is not consistent with the absence of disease.
+===Microscopic Pathology===
+*Demonstration of characteristic [[Inclusion bodies|intranuclear inclusion bodies]] in the [[biopsy]] from [[esophagus]] and [[colon]] confirms the diagnosis of [[esophagitis]] and [[colitis]].
+===CT Scan===
+*In patients with [[cytomegalovirus]] [[Encephalitis|ventriculoencephalitis]] periventricular enhancement is suggestive of [[CMV]] infection.
+*Colonic thickening can be demonstrated in patients with [[cytomegalovirus]] [[colitis]].