Q fever laboratory tests: Difference between revisions
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==Lab tests:== | |||
===Serologic testing for Q fever:=== | |||
*Indirect immunofluorescence (IIF) is the method of choice for antibody detection and is preferred over ELISA and complement fixation. | |||
*Antibodies starts to be detected after 7-14 days of infection with most patients testing positive by the third week. | |||
*Anti phase II antibodies are tested first. If positive, anti phase I antibodies are tested. | |||
*After acute infection, serologic follow up for serum anti phase I IgG antibodies. The test is done twice every 3 months for 2 years. If it's positive, Transesophageal echo should be done to rule out endocarditis. | |||
*All serologic test results should be used in the context of clinical data because false positive test results are seen in many other diseases (e.g. leptospirosis). | |||
===Polymerase chain reaction (PCR):=== | |||
*PCR can be used to detect C. brutenii DNA in cultures and clinical samples. | |||
*PCR is positive in the first week of infection, thus it can be used to diagnose Q fever in patients who are serologically negative in the early stages of the disease. | |||
*Quantitative PCR also can be used in patients whom anti phase II IgG antibodies are persistently positive to detect chronic Q fever. | |||
===Cultures:=== | |||
*C. brutenii doesn’t grow on ordinary blood cultures but can be cultivated on special media as embryonated eggs or cell culture. | |||
*C. brutenii is extremely infectious and samples should be handled with caution. | |||
===Liver function tests:=== | |||
*2-3 fold increase in AST and ALT is seen in most of the patients. | |||
Revision as of 16:04, 8 June 2017
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1];Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Ahmed Younes M.B.B.CH [2]
Lab tests:
Serologic testing for Q fever:
- Indirect immunofluorescence (IIF) is the method of choice for antibody detection and is preferred over ELISA and complement fixation.
- Antibodies starts to be detected after 7-14 days of infection with most patients testing positive by the third week.
- Anti phase II antibodies are tested first. If positive, anti phase I antibodies are tested.
- After acute infection, serologic follow up for serum anti phase I IgG antibodies. The test is done twice every 3 months for 2 years. If it's positive, Transesophageal echo should be done to rule out endocarditis.
- All serologic test results should be used in the context of clinical data because false positive test results are seen in many other diseases (e.g. leptospirosis).
Polymerase chain reaction (PCR):
- PCR can be used to detect C. brutenii DNA in cultures and clinical samples.
- PCR is positive in the first week of infection, thus it can be used to diagnose Q fever in patients who are serologically negative in the early stages of the disease.
- Quantitative PCR also can be used in patients whom anti phase II IgG antibodies are persistently positive to detect chronic Q fever.
Cultures:
- C. brutenii doesn’t grow on ordinary blood cultures but can be cultivated on special media as embryonated eggs or cell culture.
- C. brutenii is extremely infectious and samples should be handled with caution.
Liver function tests:
- 2-3 fold increase in AST and ALT is seen in most of the patients.