Microsporidiosis laboratory findings: Difference between revisions
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==Overview== | ==Overview== | ||
Laboratory findings consistent with the diagnosis of microsporidiosis include microscopic identification of the organism in fecal smears, positive PCR and positive | Laboratory findings consistent with the diagnosis of microsporidiosis include microscopic identification of the organism in fecal smears, positive PCR, and positive serology. | ||
==Lab findings== | ==Lab findings== | ||
===Microscopic identification of the organism=== | ===Microscopic identification of the organism=== | ||
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*Using chromotrope 2R method, spores appear pink with belt like stripes in the middle of the spores. | *Using chromotrope 2R method, spores appear pink with belt like stripes in the middle of the spores. | ||
*Chromotrope 2R staining technique takes about 90 minutes. | *Chromotrope 2R staining technique takes about 90 minutes. | ||
*Using Quick hot gram chromotrope, organism appears dark violet and the belt like stripes are enhanced. | *Using Quick hot gram chromotrope, organism appears dark violet and the belt-like stripes are enhanced. | ||
*Quick hot gram provides better visualization of the organism and cuts down the time needed for staining to 10 minutes. | *Quick hot gram provides better visualization of the organism and cuts down the time needed for staining to 10 minutes. | ||
*Enterocytozoon bieneusi spores measure 0.8 - 1.4 mcm while Anncaliia algerae, Encephalitozoon spp., Vittaforma corneae, and Nosema spp spores measure 1.5 - 4 mcm. | *Enterocytozoon bieneusi spores measure 0.8 - 1.4 mcm while Anncaliia algerae, Encephalitozoon spp., Vittaforma corneae, and Nosema spp spores measure 1.5 - 4 mcm. | ||
Revision as of 15:47, 30 June 2017
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1];Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Ahmed Younes M.B.B.CH [2]
Overview
Laboratory findings consistent with the diagnosis of microsporidiosis include microscopic identification of the organism in fecal smears, positive PCR, and positive serology.
Lab findings
Microscopic identification of the organism
- Identification of the organism in the stool specimens is a quick and cheap method for diagnosis.
- Special stains must be used because spores are not visible with ordinary stains.
- Using chromotrope 2R method, spores appear pink with belt like stripes in the middle of the spores.
- Chromotrope 2R staining technique takes about 90 minutes.
- Using Quick hot gram chromotrope, organism appears dark violet and the belt-like stripes are enhanced.
- Quick hot gram provides better visualization of the organism and cuts down the time needed for staining to 10 minutes.
- Enterocytozoon bieneusi spores measure 0.8 - 1.4 mcm while Anncaliia algerae, Encephalitozoon spp., Vittaforma corneae, and Nosema spp spores measure 1.5 - 4 mcm.
- Fecal smears shows no WBCs nor blood unless concamitant infection is present.
Serologic assays:
- IgM or IgG anti microsporidial antibodies can be detected in serum using indirect immunofluorescence assays.
PCR
- Molecular identification of Enterocytozoon bieneusi, Encephalitozoon intestinalis, Encephalitozoon hellem and Encephalitozoon cuniculi using PCR is available.
- PCR is the most sensitive and specific method for diagnosing microsporidiosis yet it is expensive and not recommended for routine diagnosis.