Prolactinoma pathophysiology: Difference between revisions
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{{CMG}} {{AE}}{{Faizan}} | {{CMG}} {{AE}}{{Faizan}} | ||
==Overview== | ==Overview== | ||
[[Prolactinoma]] may occur as part of a hereditary disorder called multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 (MEN 1). A minority of prolactinomas are associated with [[Carney complex]], [[McCune-Albright Syndrome]], MEN like syndrome (''CKDN1B'' loss of function).<ref name = Radiopedia>http://radiopaedia.org/articles/pituitary-adenoma</ref> | [[Prolactinoma]] may occur as part of a hereditary disorder called multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 (MEN 1). A minority of prolactinomas are associated with [[Carney complex]], [[McCune-Albright Syndrome]], MEN like syndrome (''CKDN1B'' loss of function).<ref name="Radiopedia">http://radiopaedia.org/articles/pituitary-adenoma</ref> | ||
==Pathophysiology== | ==Pathophysiology== | ||
==Associated Diseases== | ==Associated Diseases== | ||
[[Prolactinoma]] may occur as part of a hereditary disorder called [[multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1]] (MEN 1). A minority of prolactinomas are associated with:<ref name = Radiopedia>http://radiopaedia.org/articles/pituitary-adenoma</ref> | [[Prolactinoma]] may occur as part of a hereditary disorder called [[multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1]] (MEN 1). A minority of prolactinomas are associated with:<ref name="Radiopedia">http://radiopaedia.org/articles/pituitary-adenoma</ref> | ||
*Multiple endocrine neoplasia type I (MEN I) | *[[Multiple endocrine neoplasia type I]] ([[Multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1|MEN I]]) | ||
*[[Carney complex]] | *[[Carney complex]] | ||
*[[McCune-Albright Syndrome]] | *[[McCune-Albright Syndrome]] | ||
*MEN like syndrome (''CKDN1B'' loss of function) | *MEN like syndrome (''CKDN1B'' loss of function) | ||
====Familial pituitary adenomas==== | ====Familial pituitary adenomas==== | ||
A pituitary adenoma may be part of a familial syndrome:<ref name=pmid19564887>{{Cite journal | last1 = Elston | first1 = MS. | last2 = McDonald | first2 = KL. | last3 = Clifton-Bligh | first3 = RJ. | last4 = Robinson | first4 = BG. | title = Familial pituitary tumor syndromes. | journal = Nat Rev Endocrinol | volume = 5 | issue = 8 | pages = 453-61 | month = Aug | year = 2009 | doi = 10.1038/nrendo.2009.126 | PMID = 19564887 }}</ref> | A pituitary adenoma may be part of a familial syndrome:<ref name="pmid19564887">{{Cite journal | last1 = Elston | first1 = MS. | last2 = McDonald | first2 = KL. | last3 = Clifton-Bligh | first3 = RJ. | last4 = Robinson | first4 = BG. | title = Familial pituitary tumor syndromes. | journal = Nat Rev Endocrinol | volume = 5 | issue = 8 | pages = 453-61 | month = Aug | year = 2009 | doi = 10.1038/nrendo.2009.126 | PMID = 19564887 }}</ref> | ||
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto" | {| class="wikitable sortable" style="margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto" | ||
! Syndrome | ! Syndrome | ||
| Line 20: | Line 20: | ||
! Notes | ! Notes | ||
|- | |- | ||
| [[Multiple endocrine neoplasia]] | | [[Multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1|Multiple endocrine neoplasia I]] | ||
| ''MEN1'' | | ''MEN1'' | ||
| characterized by the 3 Ps: '''p'''ituitary adenoma, [[parathyroid adenoma|'''p'''arathyroid adenoma]], '''p'''ancreatic neuroendocrine tumor | | characterized by the 3 Ps: '''p'''ituitary adenoma, [[parathyroid adenoma|'''p'''arathyroid adenoma]], '''p'''ancreatic neuroendocrine tumor | ||
|- | |- | ||
| MEN-1-like syndrome | | MEN-1-like syndrome | ||
| ''CDKN1B''<ref name=omim600778>{{OMIM|600778}}</ref> | | ''CDKN1B''<ref name="omim600778">{{OMIM|600778}}</ref> | ||
| also known as ''Multiple endocrine neoplasia IV''<ref name=omim600778>{{OMIM|600778}}</ref> | | also known as ''Multiple endocrine neoplasia IV''<ref name="omim600778">{{OMIM|600778}}</ref> | ||
|- | |- | ||
| [[Carney syndrome]] | | [[Carney syndrome]] | ||
| Line 32: | Line 32: | ||
| other findings (mnemonic ''NAME''): nevi, [[atrial myxoma]], myxoid neurofibroma, ephelides (freckles) | | other findings (mnemonic ''NAME''): nevi, [[atrial myxoma]], myxoid neurofibroma, ephelides (freckles) | ||
|- | |- | ||
| Isolated [[pituitary adenoma]]<ref name=pmid22612670>{{Cite journal | last1 = Korbonits | first1 = M. | last2 = Storr | first2 = H. | last3 = Kumar | first3 = AV. | title = Familial pituitary adenomas - Who should be tested for AIP mutations? | journal = Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) | volume = | issue = | pages = | month = May | year = 2012 | doi = 10.1111/j.1365-2265.2012.04445.x | PMID = 22612670 }}</ref> | | Isolated [[pituitary adenoma]]<ref name="pmid22612670">{{Cite journal | last1 = Korbonits | first1 = M. | last2 = Storr | first2 = H. | last3 = Kumar | first3 = AV. | title = Familial pituitary adenomas - Who should be tested for AIP mutations? | journal = Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) | volume = | issue = | pages = | month = May | year = 2012 | doi = 10.1111/j.1365-2265.2012.04445.x | PMID = 22612670 }}</ref> | ||
| ''AIP'' | | ''AIP'' | ||
| classically growth hormone-producing adenoma - leads to [[acromegaly]] | | classically growth hormone-producing adenoma - leads to [[acromegaly]] | ||
Revision as of 13:24, 19 July 2017
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Faizan Sheraz, M.D. [2]
Overview
Prolactinoma may occur as part of a hereditary disorder called multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 (MEN 1). A minority of prolactinomas are associated with Carney complex, McCune-Albright Syndrome, MEN like syndrome (CKDN1B loss of function).[1]
Pathophysiology
Associated Diseases
Prolactinoma may occur as part of a hereditary disorder called multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 (MEN 1). A minority of prolactinomas are associated with:[1]
- Multiple endocrine neoplasia type I (MEN I)
- Carney complex
- McCune-Albright Syndrome
- MEN like syndrome (CKDN1B loss of function)
Familial pituitary adenomas
A pituitary adenoma may be part of a familial syndrome:[2]
| Syndrome | Gene | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| Multiple endocrine neoplasia I | MEN1 | characterized by the 3 Ps: pituitary adenoma, parathyroid adenoma, pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor |
| MEN-1-like syndrome | CDKN1B[3] | also known as Multiple endocrine neoplasia IV[3] |
| Carney syndrome | PRKAR1A | other findings (mnemonic NAME): nevi, atrial myxoma, myxoid neurofibroma, ephelides (freckles) |
| Isolated pituitary adenoma[4] | AIP | classically growth hormone-producing adenoma - leads to acromegaly |
Microscopic Pathology
Features of prolactinoma include:
Notes:
- Smears very well
Stains
- Reticulin - loss of reticulin between tumor cells
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 http://radiopaedia.org/articles/pituitary-adenoma
- ↑ Elston, MS.; McDonald, KL.; Clifton-Bligh, RJ.; Robinson, BG. (2009). "Familial pituitary tumor syndromes". Nat Rev Endocrinol. 5 (8): 453–61. doi:10.1038/nrendo.2009.126. PMID 19564887. Unknown parameter
|month=ignored (help) - ↑ 3.0 3.1 Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man (OMIM) 600778
- ↑ Korbonits, M.; Storr, H.; Kumar, AV. (2012). "Familial pituitary adenomas - Who should be tested for AIP mutations?". Clin Endocrinol (Oxf). doi:10.1111/j.1365-2265.2012.04445.x. PMID 22612670. Unknown parameter
|month=ignored (help)