Q fever epidemiology and demographics: Difference between revisions
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{{Q fever}} | {{Q fever}} | ||
==Overview== | ==Overview== | ||
Q fever is more prevalent in elderly and in males. It has been a notifiable disease in the US since 1999. | Q fever is more prevalent in the elderly and in males. It has been a [[notifiable disease]] in the US since 1999. | ||
==Epidemiology and Demographics== | ==Epidemiology and Demographics== | ||
===Age=== | ===Age=== | ||
* Q fever is slightly more prevalent in elderly people | * Q fever is slightly more prevalent in elderly people; however, it is often seen in various age groups. | ||
* This disease is occasionally seen in children, especially those who live | * This disease is occasionally seen in children, especially those who live on a farm. | ||
* In infected children younger than 3 years old, Q fever is usually discovered during a search for the cause of [[pneumonia]].<ref name="pmid18452690">{{cite journal |vauthors=Hartzell JD, Wood-Morris RN, Martinez LJ, Trotta RF |title=Q fever: epidemiology, diagnosis, and treatment |journal=Mayo Clin. Proc. |volume=83 |issue=5 |pages=574–9 |year=2008 |pmid=18452690 |doi=10.4065/83.5.574 |url=}}</ref> | * In infected children younger than 3 years old, Q fever is usually discovered during a search for the cause of [[pneumonia]].<ref name="pmid18452690">{{cite journal |vauthors=Hartzell JD, Wood-Morris RN, Martinez LJ, Trotta RF |title=Q fever: epidemiology, diagnosis, and treatment |journal=Mayo Clin. Proc. |volume=83 |issue=5 |pages=574–9 |year=2008 |pmid=18452690 |doi=10.4065/83.5.574 |url=}}</ref> | ||
===Gender=== | ===Gender=== | ||
* Men are slightly more often | * Men are affected slightly more often than women, which is most likely due to differing employment rates in typical professions that predispose people to contracting Q fever.<ref name="pmid10515901">{{cite journal |vauthors=Maurin M, Raoult D |title=Q fever |journal=Clin. Microbiol. Rev. |volume=12 |issue=4 |pages=518–53 |year=1999 |pmid=10515901 |pmc=88923 |doi= |url=}}</ref> | ||
===Developed Countries=== | ===Developed Countries=== | ||
* In 1999, Q fever became a notifiable disease in the United States but reporting is not required in many other countries. | * In 1999, Q fever became a [[notifiable disease]] in the United States but reporting is not required in many other countries. | ||
* In Europe, it often presents as [[hepatitis]] rather than [[pneumonia]] as in the United States.<ref name="pmid18931396">{{cite journal |vauthors=Delsing CE, Kullberg BJ |title=Q fever in the Netherlands: a concise overview and implications of the largest ongoing outbreak |journal=Neth J Med |volume=66 |issue=9 |pages=365–7 |year=2008 |pmid=18931396 |doi= |url=}}</ref> | * In Europe, it often presents as [[hepatitis]] rather than [[pneumonia]] as it does in the United States.<ref name="pmid18931396">{{cite journal |vauthors=Delsing CE, Kullberg BJ |title=Q fever in the Netherlands: a concise overview and implications of the largest ongoing outbreak |journal=Neth J Med |volume=66 |issue=9 |pages=365–7 |year=2008 |pmid=18931396 |doi= |url=}}</ref> | ||
===Developing Countries=== | ===Developing Countries=== | ||
* [[Coxiella burnetii|C. | * [[Coxiella burnetii|''C. burnetii'']] is found everywhere except in Antarctica and New Zealand. | ||
* Q fever infections are often subclinical. | * Q fever infections are often [[subclinical]]. | ||
* Because the disease is underreported, scientists cannot reliably assess how many cases of Q fever have actually occurred worldwide. <ref name="pmid18931396">{{cite journal |vauthors=Delsing CE, Kullberg BJ |title=Q fever in the Netherlands: a concise overview and implications of the largest ongoing outbreak |journal=Neth J Med |volume=66 |issue=9 |pages=365–7 |year=2008 |pmid=18931396 |doi= |url=}}</ref> | * Because the disease is underreported, scientists cannot reliably assess how many cases of Q fever have actually occurred worldwide.<ref name="pmid18931396">{{cite journal |vauthors=Delsing CE, Kullberg BJ |title=Q fever in the Netherlands: a concise overview and implications of the largest ongoing outbreak |journal=Neth J Med |volume=66 |issue=9 |pages=365–7 |year=2008 |pmid=18931396 |doi= |url=}}</ref> | ||
==References== | ==References== | ||
Revision as of 18:36, 3 August 2017
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1];Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Ahmed Younes M.B.B.CH [2]
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Overview
Q fever is more prevalent in the elderly and in males. It has been a notifiable disease in the US since 1999.
Epidemiology and Demographics
Age
- Q fever is slightly more prevalent in elderly people; however, it is often seen in various age groups.
- This disease is occasionally seen in children, especially those who live on a farm.
- In infected children younger than 3 years old, Q fever is usually discovered during a search for the cause of pneumonia.[1]
Gender
- Men are affected slightly more often than women, which is most likely due to differing employment rates in typical professions that predispose people to contracting Q fever.[2]
Developed Countries
- In 1999, Q fever became a notifiable disease in the United States but reporting is not required in many other countries.
- In Europe, it often presents as hepatitis rather than pneumonia as it does in the United States.[3]
Developing Countries
- C. burnetii is found everywhere except in Antarctica and New Zealand.
- Q fever infections are often subclinical.
- Because the disease is underreported, scientists cannot reliably assess how many cases of Q fever have actually occurred worldwide.[3]
References
- ↑ Hartzell JD, Wood-Morris RN, Martinez LJ, Trotta RF (2008). "Q fever: epidemiology, diagnosis, and treatment". Mayo Clin. Proc. 83 (5): 574–9. doi:10.4065/83.5.574. PMID 18452690.
- ↑ Maurin M, Raoult D (1999). "Q fever". Clin. Microbiol. Rev. 12 (4): 518–53. PMC 88923. PMID 10515901.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 Delsing CE, Kullberg BJ (2008). "Q fever in the Netherlands: a concise overview and implications of the largest ongoing outbreak". Neth J Med. 66 (9): 365–7. PMID 18931396.