Hypoaldosteronism history and symptoms: Difference between revisions
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===Common Symptoms=== | ===Common Symptoms=== | ||
Common [[symptoms]] of hypoaldosteronism include:<ref name="pmid12138150">{{cite journal |vauthors=Rodríguez Soriano J |title=Renal tubular acidosis: the clinical entity |journal=J. Am. Soc. Nephrol. |volume=13 |issue=8 |pages=2160–70 |year=2002 |pmid=12138150 |doi= |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid7004370">{{cite journal |vauthors=Tan SY, Burton M |title=Hyporeninemic hypoaldosteronism. An overlooked cause of hyperkalemia |journal=Arch. Intern. Med. |volume=141 |issue=1 |pages=30–3 |year=1981 |pmid=7004370 |doi= |url=}}</ref> | Common [[symptoms]] of hypoaldosteronism include:<ref name="pmid12138150">{{cite journal |vauthors=Rodríguez Soriano J |title=Renal tubular acidosis: the clinical entity |journal=J. Am. Soc. Nephrol. |volume=13 |issue=8 |pages=2160–70 |year=2002 |pmid=12138150 |doi= |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid7004370">{{cite journal |vauthors=Tan SY, Burton M |title=Hyporeninemic hypoaldosteronism. An overlooked cause of hyperkalemia |journal=Arch. Intern. Med. |volume=141 |issue=1 |pages=30–3 |year=1981 |pmid=7004370 |doi= |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid23633816">{{cite journal |vauthors=Sarkar SB, Sarkar S, Ghosh S, Bandyopadhyay S |title=Addison's disease |journal=Contemp Clin Dent |volume=3 |issue=4 |pages=484–6 |year=2012 |pmid=23633816 |pmc=3636818 |doi=10.4103/0976-237X.107450 |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid12788587">{{cite journal |vauthors=Arlt W, Allolio B |title=Adrenal insufficiency |journal=Lancet |volume=361 |issue=9372 |pages=1881–93 |year=2003 |pmid=12788587 |doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(03)13492-7 |url=}}</ref> | ||
*[[Fatigue|Chronic fatigue]] | *[[Fatigue|Chronic fatigue]] | ||
* [[Low blood pressure]] | * [[Low blood pressure]] | ||
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Akshun Kalia M.B.B.S.[2]
Overview
Hypoaldosteronism often has a gradual onset. Patients of hypoaldosteronism should be enquired about the use of drugs that can alter aldosterone production or function. These drugs include ACEi, ARB and NSAID. The most common symptoms of hypoaldosteronism include fatigue, muscle weakness, and low blood pressure. Other less common symptoms of hypoaldosteronism include hyperpigmentation, gastrointestinal disturbances, and abdominal pain.
History and Symptoms
History
Obtaining a history gives important information in making a diagnosis of hypoaldosteronism. It provides an insight into the cause, precipitating factors, and associated comorbid conditions. A complete history will help determine the correct therapy and helps in determining the prognosis. Hypoaldosteronism patients are usually asymptomatic. Patients with hypoaldosteronism may have a positive history of:[1][2][3]
- Renal disease
- Diabetes mellitus
- History of fatigue
- Episodes of lightheadedness and palpitations
- Drug use such as ACEi, ARB and NSAID
- Craving for salty food
Common Symptoms
Common symptoms of hypoaldosteronism include:[4][5][6][7]
- Chronic fatigue
- Low blood pressure
- Lightheadedness
- Palpitations
- Muscle weakness
- Anorexia
- Weight loss
- Salt craving
- Dizziness
Less Common Symptoms
Less common symptoms of hypoaldosteronism include:[8]
- Hyperpigmentation
- Gastrointestinal disturbances
- Abdominal pain
- Depression
References
- ↑ Sailer, Christian, Wasner, Susanne. Differential Diagnosis Pocket. Hermosa Beach, CA: Borm Bruckmeir Publishing LLC, 2002:14-15
- ↑ Raebel MA (2012). "Hyperkalemia associated with use of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors and angiotensin receptor blockers". Cardiovasc Ther. 30 (3): e156–66. doi:10.1111/j.1755-5922.2010.00258.x. PMID 21883995.
- ↑ Mann JF, Yi QL, Sleight P, Dagenais GR, Gerstein HC, Lonn EM, Bosch J (2005). "Serum potassium, cardiovascular risk, and effects of an ACE inhibitor: results of the HOPE study". Clin. Nephrol. 63 (3): 181–7. PMID 15786818.
- ↑ Rodríguez Soriano J (2002). "Renal tubular acidosis: the clinical entity". J. Am. Soc. Nephrol. 13 (8): 2160–70. PMID 12138150.
- ↑ Tan SY, Burton M (1981). "Hyporeninemic hypoaldosteronism. An overlooked cause of hyperkalemia". Arch. Intern. Med. 141 (1): 30–3. PMID 7004370.
- ↑ Sarkar SB, Sarkar S, Ghosh S, Bandyopadhyay S (2012). "Addison's disease". Contemp Clin Dent. 3 (4): 484–6. doi:10.4103/0976-237X.107450. PMC 3636818. PMID 23633816.
- ↑ Arlt W, Allolio B (2003). "Adrenal insufficiency". Lancet. 361 (9372): 1881–93. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(03)13492-7. PMID 12788587.
- ↑ Torpy DJ, Stratakis CA, Chrousos GP (1999). "Hyper- and hypoaldosteronism". Vitam. Horm. 57: 177–216. PMID 10232050.