Goiter surgery

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief:

Overview

Thyroid surgery may be advised in cases of goiter depending upon the symptoms and adverse effects associated with the development of goiter such as, compression related symptoms, thyroid hyper-function and thyroid cancer.

Surgery

• Thyroid surgery may be advised in cases of goiter depending upon the symptoms and adverse effects associated with the development of goiter such as, compression related symptoms, thyroid hyper-function and thyroid cancer.
• Thyroid surgery involves thyroid lobectomy/hemi-thyroidectomy OR total thyroidectomy, depending on whether goiter or nodule is cancerous or not.
• Surgery helps relieve compression and symptoms related to dysphagia, hosarseness, cough and dyspnea.
• Thyroid surgery helps supress the thyroid gland overactivity seen in goiter or nodules.

• Types of Thyroid surgery (Thyroidectomy) advised based on the condition:
  • Subtotal thyroidectomy
  • Near-total thyroidectomy
  • Total thyroidectomy
  • Thyroid nodulectomy

Indications

• Preoperative indications:
  • Thyroid functional status should be determined
  • The patient should be brought to a euthyroid state

• Indications for surgery:
  • Cosmetic concerns
  • Pressure symptoms
  • Suspected malignancy
  • Toxic goitre