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*'''<u>Etiological classification:</u>'''
*'''<u>Etiological classification:</u>'''
**'''Physiological goitre:''' Goitres as a result of increased metabolic demand of thyroid hormones e.g. during pregnancy or puberty
**'''Physiological goitre:''' Goiters as a result of increased metabolic demand of thyroid hormones (during pregnancy or puberty)
**'''Pathological goitre:''' Goitres as a result of diseases affecting the thyroid gland e.g. Neoplastic or inflammatory conditions
**'''Pathological goitre:''' Goiters as a result of diseases affecting the thyroid gland e.g. Neoplastic or inflammatory conditions


*'''<u>Epidemiological classification:</u>'''
*'''<u>Epidemiological classification:</u>'''
**'''Familial goitres:''' Goitres that occur in families as a result of Inherited defect of thyroid hormone synthesis  
**'''Familial goiters:''' Goiters that occur in families as a result of Inherited defect of thyroid hormone synthesis  
**'''Endemic goitres:''' Thyroid enlargement affecting a significant number of population in a particular locality
**'''Endemic goiters:''' Thyroid enlargement affecting a significant number of population in a particular locality
**'''Sporadic goitres:''' Goitres that run sporadically
**'''Sporadic goiters:''' Goiters that run sporadically


*'''<u>Anatomical classification:</u>'''
*'''<u>Anatomical classification:</u>'''
**'''Cervical goitre:''' Goitre situated on the anterior aspect of the neck
**'''Cervical goiter:''' Goiter situated on the anterior aspect of the neck
**'''Retrosternal goitre:''' Goitre extends downward and gets situated behind the sternum
**'''Retrosternal goiter:''' Goiter extends downward and gets situated behind the sternum
**'''Intrathoracic goitre:''' Goitre which extends into thoracic cavity
**'''Intrathoracic goiter:''' Goiter which extends into thoracic cavity


*'''<u>Pathological classification:</u>'''
*'''<u>Pathological classification:</u>'''
**Simple goitres
**Simple goiter
**Toxic goitres
**Toxic goiter
**Neoplastic goitres
**Neoplastic goiter
**Inflammatory goitres
**Inflammatory goiter
**Miscellaneous (Other rare types)
**Miscellaneous (Other rare types)


*'''<u>Functional classification:</u>'''
*'''<u>Functional classification:</u>'''
**'''Toxic goitre:''' Type of goitre associated with thyroid hyperfunction (hyperthyroidism)
**'''Toxic goiter:''' Type of goiter associated with thyroid hyperfunction (hyperthyroidism)
**'''Non-toxic:''' Type of goitre associated with thyroid hypofunction (hypothyroidism) or normal thyroid function (Euthyroid)
**'''Non-toxic goiter:''' Type of goiter associated with thyroid hypofunction (hypothyroidism) or normal thyroid function (Euthyroid)


*'''<u>Morphological classification:</u>''' According to the texture of the gland
*'''<u>Morphological classification:</u>''' According to the texture of the gland
**Diffuse goitre
**Diffuse goiter
**Nodular goitre
**Nodular goiter
***Solitary nodular goitre
***Solitary nodular goiter
***Multinodular goitre
***Multinodular goiter


==References==
==References==

Revision as of 21:02, 13 September 2017

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief:

Overview

  • In 1974, an international committee of thyroid pathologists published the first WHO histological classification of thyroid tumours which had served as a basis for various clinical, pathological, and epidemiological studies
  • Goiter may also be classified according to various classification methods based on etiological, epidemiological, anatomical, pathological, functional and morphological factors.

Classification

  • In 1974, an international committee of thyroid pathologists published the first WHO histological classification of thyroid tumours which had served as a basis for various clinical, pathological, and epidemiological studies. [1]
  • WHO Histological Classification of Thyroid Tumors, Second edition (1988) [1]
    • Epithelial tumors
      • Benign
        • Follicular adenoma
        • Others
      • Malignant
        • Follicular carcinoma
        • Papillary carcinoma
        • Medullary carcinoma
        • Undifferentiated (anaplastic) carcinoma
        • Others
    • Nonepithelial tumors
      • Benign
      • Malignant
    • Malignant lymphomas
    • Miscellaneous tumors
    • Secondary tumors
    • Unclassified tumors
    • Tumor-like lesions


  • Goiter may be also be classified according to various classification methods based on the following criteria:
    • Etiological classification
    • Epidemiological classification
    • Anatomical classification
    • Pathological classification
    • Functional classification
    • Morphological classification
  • Etiological classification:
    • Physiological goitre: Goiters as a result of increased metabolic demand of thyroid hormones (during pregnancy or puberty)
    • Pathological goitre: Goiters as a result of diseases affecting the thyroid gland e.g. Neoplastic or inflammatory conditions
  • Epidemiological classification:
    • Familial goiters: Goiters that occur in families as a result of Inherited defect of thyroid hormone synthesis
    • Endemic goiters: Thyroid enlargement affecting a significant number of population in a particular locality
    • Sporadic goiters: Goiters that run sporadically
  • Anatomical classification:
    • Cervical goiter: Goiter situated on the anterior aspect of the neck
    • Retrosternal goiter: Goiter extends downward and gets situated behind the sternum
    • Intrathoracic goiter: Goiter which extends into thoracic cavity
  • Pathological classification:
    • Simple goiter
    • Toxic goiter
    • Neoplastic goiter
    • Inflammatory goiter
    • Miscellaneous (Other rare types)
  • Functional classification:
    • Toxic goiter: Type of goiter associated with thyroid hyperfunction (hyperthyroidism)
    • Non-toxic goiter: Type of goiter associated with thyroid hypofunction (hypothyroidism) or normal thyroid function (Euthyroid)
  • Morphological classification: According to the texture of the gland
    • Diffuse goiter
    • Nodular goiter
      • Solitary nodular goiter
      • Multinodular goiter

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 Hedinger C, Williams ED, Sobin LH (1989). "The WHO histological classification of thyroid tumors: a commentary on the second edition". Cancer. 63 (5): 908–11. PMID 2914297.

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