Upper gastrointestinal bleeding epidemiology and demographics: Difference between revisions

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{{Upper gastrointestinal bleeding}}
{{Upper gastrointestinal bleeding}}
{{CMG}}
{{CMG}} ; {{AE}} {{ADG}}
==Epidemiology and Demographics==
About 75% of patients presenting to the emergency room with GI bleeding have an upper source {{ref|1}}. The diagnosis is easier when the patient has hematemesis. In the absence of hematemesis, 40% to 50% of patients in the emergency room with GI bleeding have an upper source{{ref|2}} {{ref|3}} {{ref|4}}. Determining whether a patient truly has an upper GI bleed versus [[lower gastrointestinal bleeding]] is difficult.
 
Whiting studied a cohort of 325 patients and found the odds ratios for the strongest predictors were: black stool, 16.6 (95% confidence interval [CI], 7.7-35.7); age < 50 years, 8.4 (95% CI, 3.2-22.1); and blood urea nitrogen/creatinine ratio 30 or more, 10.0 (95% CI, 4.0-25.6){{ref|2}} . Seven (5%) of 151 with none of these factors had an upper GI tract bleed, versus 63 (93%) of 68 with 2 or 3 factors. Ernst found similar results{{ref|1}}.
 
==Overview==
==Overview==


==Epidemiology and Demographics==
==Epidemiology==
===Incidence===
===Incidence===
*The incidence/prevalence of [disease name] is approximately [number range] per 100,000 individuals worldwide.
*In [year], the incidence/prevalence of [disease name] was estimated to be [number range] cases per 100,000 individuals worldwide.


===Prevalence===
*The incidence/prevalence of [disease name] is approximately [number range] per 100,000 individuals worldwide.
*In [year], the incidence/prevalence of [disease name] was estimated to be [number range] cases per 100,000 individuals worldwide.
*The prevalence of [disease/malignancy] is estimated to be [number] cases annually.


===Case-fatality rate/Mortality rate===
 
*In [year], the incidence of [disease name] is approximately [number range] per 100,000 individuals with a case-fatality rate/mortality rate of [number range]%.
==Demographics==
*The case-fatality rate/mortality rate of [disease name] is approximately [number range].


===Age===
===Age===
*Patients of all age groups may develop [disease name].
*The incidence of [disease name] increases with age; the median age at diagnosis is [#] years.
*[Disease name] commonly affects individuals younger than/older than [number of years] years of age.
*[Chronic disease name] is usually first diagnosed among [age group].
*[Acute disease name] commonly affects [age group].


===Race===
===Race===
*There is no racial predilection to [disease name].
 
*[Disease name] usually affects individuals of the [race 1] race. [Race 2] individuals are less likely to develop [disease name].
===Gender===
===Gender===
*[Disease name] affects men and women equally.
 
*[Gender 1] are more commonly affected by [disease name] than [gender 2]. The [gender 1] to [gender 2] ratio is approximately [number > 1] to 1.
===Region===
===Region===
*The majority of [disease name] cases are reported in [geographical region].
*[Disease name] is a common/rare disease that tends to affect [patient population 1] and [patient population 2].


===Developed Countries===
===Developed Countries===


===Developing Countries===
===Developing Countries===


==References==
==References==

Revision as of 14:43, 6 November 2017

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] ; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Aditya Ganti M.B.B.S. [2]

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